3. Researchers wanted to determine if there was an association between daily cantaloupe

consumption and the occurrence of having an orange tongue. The researchers looked at 94,717

women and asked them to report their cantaloupe-eating habits. The researchers also

determined which of the women had linguaurantius (a condition where your tongue is

permanently orange). After their analysis, the researchers concluded that consumption of two

or more servings of cantaloupe per day was associated with a reduction in linguaurantius.

a. What type of observational study was this?

b. What is the response variable? Is the variable quantitative or qualitative?

c. What is the explanatory variable? Is the variable quantitative or qualitative?

d. In their report, the researchers stated that "After adjusting for various demographic and

lifestyle variables, daily consumption of two or more servings was associated with a 30%

reduced prevalence of linguaurantius." Why was it important to adjust for these

variables?