8. Explain the key elements of Australian tax law as it applies to each of the following scenarios, by citing relevant tax legislation. a) Alex, an Australian resident aged 15,

received gross wage of $4,500 ($350 PAYGwas withheld). Alex did not have any other income or deductions and does not Use the service of a registered tax agent. Does Alex need to file a tax return? Why he has to submit a return as he was under 15 and only earned $4,500? b) What is the difference between private rulings and public rulings? C) Jenny lodged an objection to an amended assessment but failed. She now wishes to take the matter further through a tribunal or court. The amount of taxis $2,800. What is time limit and costs involved for each option? What is the best option for Jenny? d) During a tax audit, Joe was found to have overstated his education expenses by $5,000 and understated his tax payable by $768. What is the likely penalty if: → Joe has acted without reasonable care? → Joe has acted recklessly? → Joe has deliberately sought to evade tax? e) DBB Ltd is a small business and lodges quarterly BAS returns. It lodged its July-Sept quarterly BAS return on 1 November. What is the likely penalty for DBB Ltd?