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9) (15 points) Orthophosphate is added to drinking water to control the corrosion of metals such as lead in both the distribution system and plumbing within households and businesses.Addition of

orthophosphate leads to the precipitation of lead and scaling of lead phosphate on the walls of pipes. During the Flint Water Crisis, the City of Flint, Michigan neglected to add orthophosphate to the water which led to the leaching of lead from pipes into the water, and in turn the poisoning of a large portion of the city. If the EPA action limit for lead (Pb²+) in water is 15 ppb, and the Ksp for lead phosphate(Pb3(PO4)2) is 3 x 1044, what concentration of phosphate (in mg/L) is needed in the system to maintain 15 ppb lead concentration? Pb3((PO4)2 will dissociate into Pb^2+ and PO4^3-. Ignore all other metals and other forms of lead.

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