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A student does an experiment to investigate electromagnetic induction. She drops a magnet vertically through a coil of wire. The coil is connected to a voltage sensor and data logger, as shown in Figure 9.

Explain why an emf is induced as the magnet falls towards the coil. Figure 10 shows the variation of the induced voltage V with time t after the magnet is released.

The durations T₁ and T₂ and maximum values V₁ and V₂ of two peaks are labelled. Explain why V₁ and V₂ have opposite signs. Explain why the magnitude of V₁ is less than the magnitude of V/₂. Explain why T₁ is greater than T₂.

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