DESIGN TECHNOLOGY INTERNAL ASSESSMENT International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme Criteria C NEXT CRITERION C.₁ .1 Justifies the choice of appropriate materials, components and manufacturing techniques tomake the prototype C1: Justify Choice of Materials and Process Table listing materials, processes, and justification 400 words two A4 pages C.1 Justifies the choice of appropriate materials, components and manufacturing techniques to make the prototype WHAT WILL YOU USE TO CREATE ? Criterion C is all about preparing for making a prototype of the design we just justified. The first thing we need to do is select the materials, components and manufacturing techniques we will use. MATERIALS Raw materials that we would need to cut, shape etc. COMPONENTS Store bought components already made, such as screws or springs. MANUFACTURING Processes used to make, eg laser cut or vacuum form. We need to choose, these things, describe the properties, and most importantly, justify why these properties make it the best choice for our prototype. For example... To create the neckstrap, we will use latex rubber. Latex rubber has strong tensile strength and is tear resistant. This works well for the strap as if the camera is dropped, the strap will be stretched, potentially snapping. For materials and manufacturing processes, remember... this section is about making a single prototype, not mass-produced products made in a factory. Above for materials and components, time for online shopping. Find sites that sell materials such as screws, nuts, bolts, fittings etc. Be specific about sizes MARK GRADE DESCRIPTOR 0 The work does not reach a standard described by the descriptors below. 1-3 Lists some appropriate materials, components and manufacturing techniques to make the prototype 4-6 7-9 Describes some appropriate materials, components and manufacturing techniques to make the prototype Justifies the choice of appropriate materials, components and manufacturing techniques to make the prototype CHECKLIST Two A4 page max 400 words max. The annotations are ok if under ten words each. IB EXAMPLES - SOURCED FROM THE IB TEACHER SUPPORT MATERIALS LEVEL 7-9 LEVEL 4-6 Materials LEVEL 1-3 LAYOUT AND LANGUAGE MATERIALS The material for (what part) should be (what material). Describe the properties of the material. Why do these properties make it the best choice for this prototype.. Talk about the following in the above text. • Physical properties, including weight, volume, density, hardness, electrical resistivity, electrical and thermal conductivity and expansion Mechanical properties, including tensile strength, compressive strength, stiffness, toughness, ductility, elasticity and plasticity Aesthetic characteristics, including form and shape, texture, appearance and, where appropriate, smell and sound • Environmental considerations, including are they from a sustainable source, recyclable, upcyclable; do they conform to Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) standards and certification; do they come from a non-renewable source; how much energy is used to extract them; what are the disposal considerations (for example, landfill) Moral considerations, including are they locally sourced; non-toxic; what are the working conditions of those involved in the production of the materials; cost. Materials Tables: Ash plywood. It can be routed, leaving a nice aesthetic-grooves for items can be made accurately ately with a high-quality finish. It is comparatively light-in-weight increasing portability plywood: 650kg/m²; Oak: 900kg/m³), and cost-effective (Ash plywood: £25/m²; Oak: £106/m²)- ensuring it's within budget for care homes and individuals. The crossed grain provides good uniform strength, durability and stability (reducing warping), which provides a stable table section unaffected in a heated, indoor environment-this component will also be the main component to hold the prototype together. It is available locally in the thicknesses required. 25mm mild steel 18 swg tube provides the required strength and stability to support the weight of the table and user. It can be easily bent into the required table leg shape. It can be spray painted with Hammerite to protect it, increasing its adaptability to different environments. It can be cut us ut using workshop equipment and welded easily: welding an outer tube below the table and rotating bar will fix them in position. Components the 50mm iron rod ends (£8.19/pair) for the handles as the shape provides grip support for , suitable for 5.95 women. Durable and strong t up. Painted to prevent rust, a im to get up. P contrasting the wood, and easy to place with interchangeable ends, the colour and e users when standing users pull on them le range for 65yrs+ men and shape can be adapted easily to the users' preference and environment. Manufacturing techniques Routing the technology compartments provide a neat, accurate finish, at a set depth of 12mm. For a smooth finish, routing needs to be done in 4mm deep steps. Using a wooden jg, it can repeatedly cut the same shape for ea reach layer r without danger of 'over-cutting' and allows the manufacture of identical parts A and B. The router can round edges, ensuring smooth lines and no sharp points that could hurt the user. Routing is quick and efficient. Welding legs together, collar limits and support bars. Welding fuses metal providing a strong, durable joint that can withstand the weight of the user. The steel needs to be degreased and a tapers need to be made on join ends to ensure a good weld and strong joint. Excess weld can filed or use angle grinder to smoothen joints and ensure safe use. Legs can be bent at 90° angles using a pipe bender. It can be set to bend to a specific angle, allowing the leg supports to be made accurately. Rebate joints connect the top and bottom tables, separating the two tables at a set distance. The rebate provides a large surface area for gluing with PVA, which provides strength, preventing side-to-side movement, increasing stability. Drilling 25mm holes using a pillar drill and forstner bit allows tubing to be thread through. Forstner bits are designed to drill through wooden materials. Clamped in place, with scrap material underneath to prevent the splitting on the underside will ensure the accuracy and neatness needed to ensure symmetry to fit the tubing. Combining a belt, bobbin, and palm sander to sand tables edges/surfaces, scratches, then moving thre with P120 to remove for the application of Danish oil which enhances the aesthetic of the grain. Danish oil requires clean surfaces to prevent dust from ruining the finish, applied using a cloth, removing excess to prevent streaks. g through modes to P240. The final P240 provides inst Materials Initially for one-off production, I had planned to use oak, representing the natural world through visible knots. After testing, this was heavy, providing poor portability. Consequently, MDF with an oak veneer was considered, providing similar aesthetic characteristics at a lower price and weight. Testing demonstrated MDF couldn't be used as from the routing process you were able to see the inside of the material, contrasting with the oak veneer. Plywood was chosen as the final material for the tables as it can be routed, was lightweight and cost-effective. It will provide good strength; durability and the cross graining reduces warping. It comes in different sizes and thicknesses to meet the requirements of the prototype. 25mm mild steel chosen for the tubing as it provides good strength and stability. It can be easily formed and bent into different structures which is required for the table legs. Components 50mm iron rod ends chosen for the handles, providing support when standing. Black compliments the wooden tables providing a contemporary look. The circular shape is also modern and minimalist. Iron is durable, strong and anti-rust. They contain adjustable screws to attach to the pole 27mm mild steel chosen for the support bar and limit to support the tables. Welding an outer tube below the table and rotating bar will fix them in position. The material can easily be cut to size. Manufacturing techniques Routing has been chosen to cut the tables and technology compartment, providing a neat, accurate finish. Routing is quick and efficient. Using a wooden jig means parts are easily repeatable. Tube bending is to be carried out using the pipe bender. This allows an accurate 90-degree angle to be produced and is repeatable. MIG welding used to attach the two legs together, collar limits and support bars. Welding fuses metal together providing a strong secure joint, which is durable and can withstand pressure. Rebate joint made using router is chosen to connect the top and bottom tables. This joint provi provides a large surface area for glue to be applied, enhancing strength. It provides a simple, neat finish. Pillar Drill and a Forstener bit is used to drill two 25mm holes in the plywood, allowing tubing to fit through. It provides an accurate, neat finish versus a hand drill, ensuring symmetry which is vital as the tubing is being fitted through. The belt, bobbing and palm sander (120/240 grit) will be used to sand tables edges/surfaces, providing a smooth finish which enhances the grain. • Plywood was chosen as the final material for the tables .25mm mild steel chosen for the tubing Components • 50mm iron red ends chosen for the handles. . 27mm mild steel chosen for the support bar and limit to support the tables. Manufacturing techniques Routing has been chosen to cut the tables and technology compartment. Tube bending is to be carried out using the pipe bender. Welding used to attach the two legs together, collar limits and support bars. A rebate joint chosen to connect the top and bottom tables. ⚫ Pilar Drill use to drill two 25mm holes in the plywood for the tubing to fit through The belt and bobbing sander will be used to sand tables edges/surfaces COMPONENTS The Components for (what) should be (what). Describe the properties as outlined below. This makes it suitable (why). Components include standard fixings (such as screws, bolts, nuts), electronic components (such as resistors), fittings (such as buttons, zips, furniture feet), mechanical components (springs, shock absorbers, hinges). When selecting components, we need to consider their function • size cost availability • and any processing needed to use them. • Features specifics such as measurements, weights, sandpaper numbers etc. Justifies choices for each material by explaining why it best fits the prototype. Talks about the debates and tests that happened to decide on the final choice. Only talk about the final choices. *No descriptions or justifications. ABS is impact resistant, extremely tough, chemical and temperature resistant, and a food grade thermoplastic. This makes it suitable as part of a bottle to contain both hot and cold liquids, used when engaging in sport where it may be knocked about regularly. ABS can be used in the rapid prototyping machinery available to produce a high-quality complex part, which means I can print the part on-site with no further processing. It is also available in 1.75mm and 2.85mm filament reel, which can be used on a variety of different 3D printers. ABS is easy to clean and low cost (£20 per kg), which means it is suitable for regular use for those with a relatively low income. ABS is also a recyclable thermoplastic, so can be recycled at the end its life, contributing to environmental aspects. ABS can also be pigmented allowing it to be produced in a number of colours, which will appeal to a target market. STATE/LIST DESCRIBE JUSTIFY MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES The manufacturing process used for creating/joining/removing etc (what part) should be (what).( How does this process work). This makes it suitable (Why for this prototype). Talk about the following in the above text. • Physical properties, including weight, volume, density, hardness, electrical resistivity, electrical and thermal conductivity and expansion Mechanical properties, including tensile strength, compressive strength, stiffness, toughness, ductility, elasticity and plasticity Development of a detailed design CRITERION C.₂ .2 Develops an accurate design proposal in sufficient detail for a third party to manufacture the prototype C.2 Develops an accurate design proposal in sufficient detail for a third party to manufacture the prototype TIME TO CREATE PLAN SKETCHES Now we have decided on materials, it is time to create working drawings of our product! A working drawing is a drawing that would guide production. To be successful at this stage, we need to create a technical drawing for each part of our product individually. It needs to be detailed enough that a factory could use it to create. This means it should have all angles of the part drawn, should have an explicit scale, and each individual edge/diameter should have a measurement. Your drawings might be C2: Develop a Design Proposal 00000000 Orthographic Isometric drawing of final design final design and Assembly Drawing Additional technical drawings Drawing of BOM: Bill of Materials ORTHOGRAPHIC ISOMETRIC PATTERN Or a combination of these, We also need an exploded to show how the product fits together. Finally, add a bill of materials that links to each part. This is the material list a production manager would see at your factory,