Lab 2 Vertebrate Retina/n INSTRUCTIONS FOR REPORT NEED TO MAKE LAB REPORT FOR LAB 2 Your 1-2 lab reports should contain the following sections: 1. Title page with your name (no number on title page) 2. Introduction which finishes with the aim of the lab 3, Methods (be brief) 3. Results 4. Discussion (concluding sentence or two should be written at the end) 5. References 6. Figures, Tables, any Appendices, or other miscellaneous sections can be either A) placed in the Results sections corresponding to Figures or B) slotted in at the end. Each Figure should be assigned a number and accompanied by a Figure Legend. Note: Figure Legend is not just a title. Give all the necessary information (what is in thepicture, explain abbreviations, labeling, technique used etc). The report should be a fairly formal account of the science you have done. While itshould be readable, keep to a respectable formalism: for instance, call figures, etc. "Fig.1" not "pik 1" or "photo 1", avoid colloquialisms and excessive informality, defineabbreviations, all as you would do in a scientific report aimed for publication in a respectable journal. Note: The usual model for full-length scientific papers would also contain an Abstract, but this is not required for your lab report. In the Results: Give a concise but detailed account of all your observations. Provide detail toimmediate interpretative issues. Avoid discussing ad nauseam. Remember this is aResults section, you will be able to discuss your interpretation of the results in theDiscussion section of the report. Be objective. Somebody else (e.g. your instructor)might interpret your data differently. Quantify if possible. How many, how big, temperature, what pH etc? As a guideline, your Results should be up to 50% of your report. Plot numerical data if relevant. Give additional reference to figures in figurelegends (not just a title but an immediate description of the actual micrograph, referringto points of interest). Look at figures in your readings to see how to do this. In your figures give scale bars whenever showing microscope pictures. The figures and theirdescription should be in order i.e. start from Fig. 1 or Tab. 1 and follow with thesubsequent figures and tables. Add labels to your figures which would indicate anyimportant detail seen in the picture. Note: The lab goal is focused on neuronal structures observed from different perspectives and the resulting report is in a descriptive form, so you do not need tostate a hypothesis in the beginning of your report, however stating the objective is imperative. Discussion: This is the intellectual heart of your report of an equal value as Results and Figures. Write in an evaluative mode and restrict your Discussion to the data at hand in your Results. Be particular. Try to ask, what does each Result mean? What is its meaning in the context of current knowledge (references!)? Evaluate assumptions, consider mechanisms. Were there methodological limitations? Discuss these. Above all else, think. Ask your instructor questions for everything you're not sure about but do not expect proofreading of your report before submitting it. Use the references provided as well as internet databases. Good report should have at least 4 references cited. What if you don't get good results? This is the biggest single problem faced in writing all student lab reports. The experiment didn't work out. Don't worry that your Results are imperfect for technical reasons. Try to provide an analysis of why they weren't better. You can write a good report around totally failed results, provided you're honest and understand what you're doing. Usually, you will be given good results from the past when yours are not satisfactory. References: Recommended is use of CSE (Council of Science Editors formerly Council of Biology Editors) format. When citing paper in your text use format: Dowling (2008) or Dowling and Boycott (1968) [when 2 authors] or Ullmann et al. (2012) eventually Ullman and others (2012) when more than 2 authors.Avoid writing vague sentences. Quantity. Give as many substantive points as you can, as many reasons for an idea as are relevant, and write it all in a concise way. Language. Read what you have written at least once. You will be able to correct all errors e.g. typos, awkward sentences, omissions and duplications. Plagiarism. Do not copy and paste someone's text. That may be detected and could lead to unpleasant consequences. 1. Tittle and your name 2. Introduction - aim 3. Results • image of your Nissl-stained sheep's retina taken under 40x objective, within the center of your retina specimen (best if this is taken within the visual streak) ⚫isodensity map of ganglion cells in the rabbit's retina • table of your ganglion cell count • 2 drawings and 2 photographs of the Golgi-stained frog retina • • photograph of semithin section stained with toluidine blue with indicated layers 6 different images of retina ultrastructure taken using EM 4. Summary Note: Each microscope image should have a scale bar Each image should have a caption (what is on the image, explanation of labels and abbreviations, length of the scale bar if not explained in the image).

Fig: 1