Please read the article which leads off this Professional Ethics Report.pdf It is titled, "SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND RESEARCH ETHICS: NOT EITHER/OR BUT BOTH." Afterward, please answer the following questions: Bird articulates

many claims, but perhaps one of the most clear and astonishing is this: The research community is a part of, not apart from, the larger society... But the social responsibilities of researchers extend beyond upholding the ethical standards of society. The Uppsala Code of Ethics for Scientists highlights the responsibility of scientists to refrain from, and speak out against, weapons research and other scientific research with the potential for detrimental consequences for the environment, and for present and future generations... Researchers have a responsibility to oppose the misuse of their work. Q1 Given Bird's argument and your career trajectory, what do you consider to be your responsibility to society? Q2 What do you make of her criticism of the narrow, individualized approach to research ethics she claims is typical in the U.S. higher education system? How does this compare to what Europe is now doing? Finally, Bird articulates a seldom heard criticism of American higher education that increasing specialization has had a detrimental effect on students' understanding of their role as citizens in a Democracy and responsibilities to their society: Yet, as employers, students and their families have called for an increasingly specialized education to meet the needs of the modern, technological world, US higher education has moved toward specialization at the expense of "breadth requirements" - that is, the very courses outside the core of science where students might learn about responsible research conduct and other ethical concerns. These are the elements of higher education,/nanalogous to the multidisciplinary/crossdisciplinary/interdisciplinary components of ethics education in science and engineering in many European programs, that equip specialists to see and understand the societal context of their work. Essentially, Bird is saying that the U.S. generally ascribes to the perspective that the "user not the researchers...should be held responsible for how research findings are used," and that increasing specialization in schools like Cal Poly has resulted in a diminishment of the other areas of knowledge where students might have received a broader understanding of the implications of their specialized research areas. Q3 What is your reaction to this claim? Why? How might the trend she describes have created some of the large societal/economic/environmental problems we face today? Provide some examples. Support your answers with specific details from the reading and relevant outside sources, if necessary. Be sure to cite any sources used-give credit where it's due.