where = MC/(PA), M = mass in tank A surface area of tank. heat transfer constant C=specific heat constant, and ka dimensionality constant. Determine and compare the open-loop and closed- loop

systems for (a) sensitivity to changes in the con stant A&E (b) the ability to reduce the effects of a step disturbance in the environmental tempera ture () and (c) the steady-state error of the temperature controller for a step change in the input. E(3) P45 Large microwave antennas have become increas ingly important for radio astronomy and satellite tracking. A large antenna with a diameter of 60 ft, for example, is susceptible to large wind gust torques A proposed antenna is required to have an error of less than 0.10 in a 35 mph wind. Experiments show that this wind force exerts a maximum disturbance at the antenna of 200,000 t h at 35 mph, or the equiv alent to 10 volts at the input T(s) to the amplidyne. One problem of driving large antennas is the form of the system transfer function that possesses a struc tural resonance. The antenna servosystem is shown in Figure P4.5. The trander function of the antenna, drive motor, and amplidyne is approximated by G() ++) FIGURE P4.4 Two-path system. FIGURE P4.5 Antenna control system MG) M 0(3) GU 760 О Power amplider مارت Semor Antenna, drive motor, and amplidyne Go