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Expert help when you need it- Q1:Question 14 The creep rupture envelope are used to select and predict? Mark all that apply. safe loads acceptable temperatures 0.2 pts O acceptable time of imposed laods/nQuestion 7 The creep is a function of the followings: polymer properties exposue to sun light exposure time to a load exposure temperature applied load 0.2 pts environmmental factors/nD Question 15 0.1 pts The Boltzmann superposition principle states that the response of a polymer to a given load is dependent of the response of the polymer to any load, which is already imposed on the polymer. O True O False/nQuestion 10 Polymers creep below their yield point and but recover after the load is removed. O True 0.1 pts O False/nQuestion 5 In the case of polymers and their creeping, it is necessary to consider? Mark all that apply. temperature applied load time 0.2 pts O UV radiationSee Answer
- Q2:Question 5 In the case of polymers and their creeping, it is necessary to consider? Mark all that apply. temperature applied load time 0.2 pts UV radiation/nQuestion 4 Polymers are viscoelastic at? glass transition temperature above glass transition temperature below glass transition temperature O all temperatures 0.1 pts/nQuestion 11 Creep compliance is defined as? 0.2 pts O reciprocal of creep modulus Oratio between time-dependent strain and stress ratio between intitial starin and imposed stress/nD Question 2 0.1 pts If a load is imposed on a polymer, the strain will increase slowly with time due to? slipping of crystalline structure change in a molecular arrangement O build up of tensions/nQuestion 1 If a load is imposed on a polymer, the strain will? remain constant 0.1 pts decrease O increaseSee Answer
- Q3:Question 1 If a load is imposed on a polymer, the strain will? O remain constant O decrease O increaseSee Answer
- Q4:Question 2 If a load is imposed on a polymer, the strain will increase slowly with time due to? slipping of crystalline structure change in a molecular arrangement build up of tensionsSee Answer
- Q5:Question 5 In the case of polymers and their creeping, it is necessary to consider? Mark all that apply. O temperature O applied load O time O UV radiationSee Answer
- Q6:Question 4 Polymers are viscoelastic at? O glass transition temperature O above glass transition temperature O below glass transition temperature O all temperaturesSee Answer
- Q7: Question 3 The polymer is viscous in that it recovers, but elastic in that it creeps. O True O FalseSee Answer
- Q8:2. In an externally added acid catalyzed poly-esterification, the conversion increased from 98% to 99% in 82 minutes. Calculate an estimate of time that was needed to reach the 98% conversion. (15 marks) 3) Identify the steps involved in drawing the reaction pathway of a step polymerization reaction. (5 marks)/n1. Given 98.5% conversion of monomers with average molecular weight 150 g/mol, calculate Mw, Mn and PDI. (15 marks)See Answer
- Q9:1. Explain the following terms used for characterizing chain polymerization and provide relevant equations. (5-points) a. Kinetic chain length, u b. Probability of chain propagation, ß c. Radical efficiency factor, f (5-points) (5-points)See Answer
- Q10:2. Many olefins can be readily polymerized by a free-radical route. On the other hand, isobutylene is usually polymerized by a cationic mechanism. Explain. (10- points)See Answer
- Q11:3. A reaction has the rate of initiation of 1.5x107 Ms¹ and the rate of propagation of 7.8x 105 Ms¹¹. a. Determine the kinetic chain length (5-points) b. Determine the extent of reaction if the reaction was terminated by: i. Disproportionation ii. Combination iii. 50% disproportionation, 50% combination (5-points) (5-points) (5-points)See Answer
- Q12:L 4. In a living polymerization, chain length simplifies to [M]/[I]o because all initiation leads to polymerization and there are no termination steps. Given a radical polymerization with [M] = 4.5 M and [I]o = 1.25 mM, compare chain length in the following situations: a. a living polymerization (5-points) = b. a non-living polymerization with f = 0.5; kpk = 0.003s-1; kg = 0.0001 s-1. (5-points) c. a non-living polymerization with f = 0.5; p = 0.003s-1; k= 0.3s-1; ka=0.0001 s-1. (5-points) d. a non-living polymerization with f = 0.5; p = 0.003s¹; k= 0.003s¹; ka=0.1s¹. (5-points)See Answer
- Q13:5. Consider the polymerization of styrene in toluene at 60°C initiated by di-t- byggside for a solution containing 0.04 mol of initiator and 2 mol of monomer per liter respectively. The initial rates of initiation, B., and propagation, B., are found to be 1.6x 10-10 Ms and 6.4 x 10 Ms", respectively, at 60°C. a. Cakulate and (5-points) b. Assuming no chain transfer, calculate the initial kinetic chain length. 6 points) c. Cakulate the conversion obtained after the reaction has gone for 5 h. (5 points) d. Assuming only disproportionation and under the conditions stated, the transfer constant of styrene, C, is 0.85 x 10%. How much does this transfer affect the molecular weight of the polymer? (5 points) e. The molecular weight of this polymer is too high. The desired molecular weight of this polymeris 40,000 g mol". How much CC14 (in g L") should be added to the reaction medium to attain the desired molecular weight?C, of CC14 is 9x 107 ¹. (5 points)See Answer
- Q14:6. The efficiency of ABN in initiating polymerization at 60°C was determined by the following strategy. They measured B, and v and calculated B. - B₁/v. The constant kd was measured directly in the system, and from this quantity and the measured ratio B,/v the fraction f could be determined. The following results were obtained for different concentrations of initiator. Using k.-0.0388 h¹, evaluate f from these data. (where fis your radical efficiency factor). (10 points) [I] (gL¹) Rp/ × 10ª (mol L−¹ s¯¹) 0.377 1.57 1.72 6.77 0.0556 0.250 0.250 1.00 1.50 2.50 10.9 17.1See Answer
- Q15:1. Given the probability of chain propagation, B, is 25% for the polymerization of styrene, determine the number averaged molecular weight, weight averaged molecular weight, extent of reaction and polydispersity if the reaction is terminated by: (15 marks) Hint: M₁ = the molecular weight of the monomer (styrene) a. Disproportionation b. Combination c. Clearly explain the difference in the results.See Answer
- Q16:2. Describe each of the following processes - identify the required reagents, explain how the reactions happen and support with relevant mechanisms of reaction where possible. (10 points) r a. cationic polymerization b. anionic polymerization c. coordination polymerizationSee Answer
- Q17:3. Draw the copolymer formed when these two monomers combine: (15 pts) a) Styrene - Butadiene b) Styrene - Acrylonitrile c) Vinylidene chloride - vinyl chloride H H X.X + H H (10 points)See Answer
- Q18:4. find) Using the data in the table below (where r is the reactivity ratios of some monomers, (15-points) i. Which of these (if any) will generate an alternating copolymer ii. Which of these (if any) will generate a random copolymer. Which of these (if any) will generate a block copolymer. Monomer 1 Acrylonitrile 1,3-Butadiene Monomer 2 Styrene Vinyl acetate 1,3-Butadiene Methyl methacrylate Styrene Vinyl acetate Vinyl chloride Methyl methacrylate Styrene Vinyl chloride Methyl methacrylate Styrene Vinyl acetate Vinyl chloride Vinyl acetate Vinyl chloride Vinyl chloride "₁ 12 0.02 0.30 0.15 1.22 0.04 0.40 4.2 0.05 2.7 0.04 0.75 0.25 1.35 0.58 8.8 0.035 0.46 0.52 20 0.015 10 0.1 55 0.01 17 0.02 0.23 1.68 T (°C) 40 80 60 50 60 90 50 50 60 60 68 60 60 60See Answer
- Q19:5. Briefly describe the types of copolymers and sketch their structure. Explain how the different reactivity ratio determine copolymer structure. (10 points)See Answer
- Q20:6. What is composition drift? How can it be prevented? (10 points)See Answer
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