1. Assuming that the observation point is far away from the antenna (i.e., R » 2h),

use Eqs. 9 - 16 to obtain the far-zone electromagnetic fields

of the dipole, in spherical coordinates (i.e., in terms of R, θ, and ∅, and the associated

unit vectors R, θ, and ∅).

Far-zone fields require approximations that take advantage of the fact for am-

plitude terms one can say that, for example, R₁ =R. However, this type of

approximation is way too crude for the complex exponents, since they are asso-

ciated with periodic functions. For the complex exponents one needs instead, for

example, R₁ =R-h cos θ.