4. Assume that an observer calculates electric field and potential by measuring the force on a test charge.

This observer moves along the path described by the green arrow. Finally, assume the system is in vacuum.

(a) Plot and justify |E| for a charged sphere-Q enclosed within an ungrounded spherical metal shell.

(b) Draw all relevant field lines on the schematic (within reason). Hint: consider where the charges

would be induced on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell.