4. This question is about electron configurations and periodic trends.

a. Give the electron configuration, and calculate the number of core and valence

electrons for each species:

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i. 'N

ii. 12C+

iii. 1271

iv. 132Cs

b. In your own words, explain how and why the first ionization energy changes as you

go down a group.

[2]

c. In your own words, explain how and why the first ionization energy changes as you

go across the second period (n = 2). Describe the general trend, you can ignore the

anomalies for now!

[2]

d. Is the second ionization energy greater or smaller than the first ionization energy?

Explain your reasoning.

[2]

e. Arrange the species in part (a) from highest to lowest next ionization energy. Explain

your reasoning.

[4]