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Problem 2 [Marks 2.0]

Water flows into and discharges from a pipe

U-section as shown in the Figure. The total

absolute pressure at flange (1) is 350 kPa

and at flange (2), the total pressure is 220

kPa. At location (3), water discharges to the

atmosphere at 100 kPa. Water flow rates

from each point are shown in the Figure.

Assume momentum correction factor of

1.03 throughout the pipes. Determine the

following:

50 kg/s

75 kg/s

12 cm

5 cm

25 kg/s

-2.5 cm

a) Total forces along x and z axes (or FRx and FR₂) at the two flanges connecting the pipe (in

KN).

b) If the length of U-section is 100 cm and its average diameter 8.5 cm, calculate the weight

of the U-section (kN) and discuss the significance of gravity force for this problem.

Fig: 1