Geography

Questions & Answers

1. At standard sea level, calculate required moist air properties based on two given properties only using equations and the water saturated temperature and pressure table and then compare your results with psychrometric chart. Do not forget units. a) Calculate specific volume, relative humidity, and enthalpy of moist air with the dry bulb temperature of 85F and humidity ratio of 0.013 lbmv/lbma. (30) b) Calculate relative humidity of moist air with the dry bulb temperature of 85F and dew point of 6OF. (20) c) Calculate humidity ratio of moist air with the dry bulb temperature of 85F and wet bulb temperature of 70F. (20) d) Calculate humidity ratio of moist air with the dry bulb temperature of 75F and enthalpy of 28.01Btu/lbma. (10) e) Calculate humidity ratio of moist air with dry bulb temperature of 75F andrelative humidity of 45.1% (20) Mark all points with the letter (a to e) on the psychrometric chart and compare thecalculated properties with the properties that are obtained from the chart. Giveyour conclusions. (5x7)


1. Go to Environment Canada Air Quality page @ https://weather.gc.ca/mainmenu/airquality_menu_e.html 2. Go to Air Quality Health Index → Quebec → Montreal (in the table showing provincial summary of current air quality health index values and forecast maximums). a) What are the maximum forecasts for Montreal for the ‘tomorrow's' date? (please, note the date) b) What is the related 'health message'? What do the various 'risk' levels represent? c) Who (what part of the population) is most at risk over this period, and more ] precisely, when? d) What do you think could account for differing ‘risks' within a 24-hr period? e) Return to this page 24 hours later, and note the 'today's' maximum (please, note the date). How this value compares to the forecast from yesterday? 3. Return to the Environment Canada Air Quality page. 4. Go to Air Quality Index → Quebec INFO-SMOG 4. Go to Air Quality Index → Quebec INFO-SMOG What is the forecast for Metro Montreal-Laval for the 'tomorrow's date'? (give a summary). 5. Return to the Environment Canada Air Quality page. 6. Go to Charts →→ Air Quality Forecast Model → 4-panel maps (PM2.5, PM10, 03 near the surface, O3 near 500 metres) →→→ Eastern Canada g) Choose model forecast for tomorrow's date' (T+24), and compare the ozone (03) concentrations near surface and at 500 m altitude (make a screenshot and include in the report). Are there any differences between the two altitudes? What do you think could account for the variability between these altitudes? What are the units for O₂? h) Return to this page 24 hours later, and chose the 'today's' values (Animation, 00 UTC). Make a screenshot and include in the report, note the date. How the values compare to the forecast from yesterday? What is the UTC? 7. Go to the World Air Quality Index project page @ http://aqicn.org/city/montreal/, andlook at the Air Quality Forecast table. i) What are the maximum forecasts for Montreal for the 'tomorrow's' date? j) What variables other than Air Quality variables have been shown in the table? Why do you think these may be important? 8. Go to the World Air Quality Index project → FAQ k) What do the colours and numbers in this AQI scale mean? (Read the full article and briefly explain the scale here in your own words.) 1) Read the full article about the 'Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) in our atmosphere'. Consider, how the seasonal day lengths change may affect NO₂ concentration in the lower atmosphere? m) Read the full article ‘Air Quality Scale in Quebec and Montreal'. Consider, whether US EPA or Environment Canada AQI better accounts for the combined effects of various air pollutants?


What is the beginning and ending date and time of the record? What is the time interval ofdischarge measurements in this hydrograph? (3 marks)


Create a hydrograph from the data contained in this spreadsheet and include your chart withthe hand-in for this assignment. Remember, a hydrograph(https://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/int/geog/rivers/hydrographs/index.shtml) is a plotof discharge (y-axis) against time (x-axis). (4 marks)


What two months of the year have the most annual maximum discharge values and how many annual maxima do each of these two months have? Given the time of year that these months lie within, what do you think is the cause of most of these maximum flow events? Hint, you may want to use the Excel's 'COUNTIF’ function to create a table of annual maxima values for each month. (3 marks)


What two months of the year have the most annual minimum discharge values and how many annual minima do each of these two months have? What do you think causes these annual low-flow conditions? (3 marks)


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