Topic 1: Reproduction

Breast tissue contains glandular structures relevant to Anoush's reproductive function. Explain the role of

this glandular tissue in reproductive function, including any likely changes in the activity and regulation of

this tissue in relation to Anoush. Ensure you include discussion of relevant hormones in your response.

Considering Anoush's circumstances, describe the future role of oxytocin on uterine tissue during childbirth.

Topic 2: Renal

Evaluate Anoush's urinalysis. Using your knowledge of normal kidney function and urine formation, explain

any abnormal values, and the possible underlying mechanisms. (2.5 marks)

Given Anoush's pregnancy, discuss any changes you would expect to see in her glomerular filtration rate.

Topic 3: Digestion/metabolism

Anoush had avocado on toast at her favourite café before attending her clinic appointment. Discuss the

mechanical and chemical events required to absorb the ingested fats in Anoush's meal. (4.5 marks)

State the hormone that will be MOST active in maintaining Anoush's blood calcium levels if adequate

calcium is not obtained from her diet. Explain your answer.

Topic 4: Pharmacology

Anoush indicated that she has taken paracetamol tablets for her headaches over the last week

Discuss the route of administration, where the drug is likely to be absorbed after administration, and its

likely bioavailability. Justify your response by discussing whether the drug would be subjected to hepatic

first pass.

Discuss the importance of the half-life of a drug. What is the estimated half-life of paracetamol? Using this

estimate, calculate the amount of time it would take to achieve steady-state concentration and explain the

importance of achieving steady state.