4. Assume that an observer calculates electric field and potential by measuring the force on a test charge. This observer moves along the path described by the green arrow. Finally, assume the system is in vacuum. (a) Plot and justify |E| for a charged sphere-Q enclosed within an ungrounded spherical metal shell. (b) Draw all relevant field lines on the schematic (within reason). Hint: consider where the charges would be induced on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell.

S. No.:Given the block-diagram representation of an airplane's pitch angle feedback control system,calculate the range of gain K value for the stable operation of the aircraft using Routh -Hurwitz method. Develop the root-locus of this system as a function of K using computer.Also determine the gain value for the damping ratio = 0.707.Compute the step response of the closed-loop system for this value of gain K. Compare it with the step response of an equivalent second-order system based on dominant poles.Develop a state variable model for this system using the previous value of gain K. Use this state variable model to find output response for a unit step.

3. Why is the measured mass different than calculated mass deposited?

A dormitory at a large university, built 50 years ago, has exterior walls constructed of L- 30-mm thick sheathing with a thermal conductivity of ks - 0.1 W/m K. Determine the heat flux through the walls in W/m2 when the interior and exterior air temperatures are Tj 22°C and To.o- 15°C, respectively.The inner and outer convection heat transfer coefficients are hi -5 W/m2-K and h. - 30 W/m2 K, respectively.

Semiconductor electronics has become crucial parts for our modern daily life. In 2018, the total sale of semiconductor products was $ 450 B'. Compare this with Auto-sales in 2018 around $ 260 B. In view of that, you should be able to observe signature of semiconductor electronics in daily life. Answer following questions for its appreciation. (i)Why can we not simply use metals or insulators for electronics? Why do we need semiconductors? (ii)Compare the bond structure of metal and semiconductor and infer why metals have highconductivity? (iii)Name three noble prizes (scientist names and respective discoveries) that contribute to modern semiconductor electronics. (iv)Name five semiconductor devices that we use in modern electronics.

2.20 Use the Smith chart to find the following quantities for the transmission line circuit shown in the accompanying figure: (a) The SWR on the line. (b) The reflection coefficient at the load. (c) The load admittance. (d) The input impedance of the line. (e) The distance from the load to the first voltage minimum. (f) The distance from the load to the first voltage maximum.

Insulator Conductor Semiconductor Intrinsic semiconductor Extrinsic semiconductor N-type semiconductor P-type semiconductor P-N Junction Forward biased Reverse biased Drift Current Diffusion Current Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) NPN PNP metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) NMOS PMOS Diode-transistor (DTL) logic Resistor-transistor (RTL) logic Transistor-transistor (TTL) logic Emitter-coupled (ECL) logic Complementary MOS (CMOS) logic Bipolar CMOS (BICMOS) logic

Determine the angular accelerations of link BCand the acceleration of C. \omega_{A B}=8^{\text {rad }} /_{s}(\text { CCW }) a_{A B}=10^{\text {rad }} /_{s^{2}}(C W) For the velocity analysis use only the vector polygonmethod. For the acceleration analysis, use only the accelerationdiagram method, graphically and analytically.

Two particles are fixed on the z axis, as shown below. The particle on the -z axis has a charge ne where n is a constant. Determine n such that a particle placed at point P only feels a force in the direction.

1. Assume that an observer calculates electric field and potential by measuring the force on a test charge. This observer moves along the path described by the green arrow. Finally, assume the system is in vacuum. (a) Plot and justify Q, E, V for a uniformly charged cylinder of P3D, height h, radius ro where h >> ro. The path goes through the center of the prism and is perpendicular to it. Let us assume V = 0 is defined at distance 1₁. (b) Suppose the observer is far enough away that z » h. Discuss whether it is appropriate to express E, V as if the charge were a point charge.