● When communicating to the same organ, postganglionic axons from the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems release different neurotransmitters. Why is this of critical importance?

● Generally, explain how the autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis of organ systems using the antagonistic effects of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. Use control of heart rate for someone at rest, and then exercising, to serve as an example.

● Briefly explain why nicotine has broad autonomic effects.

●Fully explain why an anticholinergic drug would be an appropriate treatment for someone poisoned by a chemical that destroys acetylcholinesterase.

● Describe the functional importance of the lens of the eye.

● Describe the process by which light is transduced into an electrical signal that then gets sent to the brain.

● Summarize how different colors of light are sensed.

● Describe the process by which sound waves are received and then eventually transduced into an electrical signal by sensory receptor cells.

● Summarize the similarities in transduction between hearing and equilibrium.