(1) In a computer system, memory operations currently take up 30% of execution time. A new gadget called a cache (i.e. an L1 cache) speeds-up 80% of the memory operations

by a factor of 4. What is the speed-up due to the cache? ) [5] A second new gadget called an L2 cache speeds-up half the remaining20% of the memory operations by a factor of 2. What is the total speed-up with the L1 and L2 cache together?