12. Sometimes in the ocean a "rogue wave" will seemingly come out of nowhere, tower over small ships and quickly disappear. They can be quite dangerous. From what you have done, explain in a sentence or two what might cause rogue waves. Extension 1: Set it on oscillate, high tension, no damping, slow motion and set the frequency to3 Hz. Will it make destructive interference? Constructive interference? Will the destructive ever reset allI balls to zero at the same time? Hint – let it run through at least 33 cycles. There isa marker on the camshaft that you can use to count them. Extension 2: Below is a Moire pattern. These patterns result from constructive and destructive interference between two different sources. Use your favorite mapping application, set it to satellite images, and navigate around a beach of your choice. Zoom in close enough to see the waves. Can you find interference patterns? You might have to look around some points, hooks-or even small islands. Attach a photo showing the interference pattern below. Extension 3: (Fun extra example, not graded) Moire patterns using two combs. Extension 4: (Fun extra example, not graded) Read about "Gravity Waves" which have several meanings. One is a kind of cloud produced from an atmospheric disturbance. They can propagate for hundreds of miles. Be sure to search for "Gravity Wave Images" so you can start watching for them in the sky. The second kind of gravity waves has to do with large interacting galactic bodies and are very strange and complex.

A. Match the term with its definition. (1 point) A. Frequency B. Wavelength C. Velocity The direction and speed at which a wave is traveling The distance between two adjacent wave peaks The number of waves passing point in 1 second B. What is the equation that illustrates the relationship between wave velocity, frequency,and wavelength? (1 point) C. What are the equations that represent how the energy of an electromagnetic wave is related to the frequency of the wave and to the wavelength of the wave? Define h and c in your equations and give their values. (2 points)

3.14 As noted in Section 3.1, the power in a light beam is proportional to the square of its electric field, and the electric field for a beam traveling in an attenuating medium can be given by Eq. (3.8). The attenuation coefficient in that equation determines the loss. On the other hand, we more frequently discuss the loss in terms of decibels per kilometer.Show that the power change in dB/km and the attenuation coefficient a are related b yy = -8.685a, where a is given in the units km.

3.4 Use the results of Problems 3.2 and 3.3 to compute the maximum data rates and modulation frequencies. Give your answers for 100 m, 1 km, and 10 km and for RZ and NRZcodes.

Question 1. The wavelength can be seen by looking at the trough to-trough distance or peak-to-peak distance. Qualitatively, how does the wavelength change as you increase the source frequency? Does it increase? Decrease? Stay the same? c) Click to stop the simulation and use the mouse to measure the wavelength for at least 3 different frequencies - the (x, y) coordinates of the mouse are shown in the lower right of the simulation. Record your frequencies and their corresponding wavelengths in a table. Calculate the speed of the waves in each case using the equation v = fa. Part II. Constructive and Destructive Interference The principle of superposition is the idea that when two waves meet, they effectively combine together or superpose on top of each other. This can result in a wave that110/30/2020 3:56 PM is either larger or Smaller in amplitude than the two original waves depending on whether the waves are in phase or out of phase as in Figure 1 below. a peak sometimes a trough, sometimes in between. So, if you hit pause and restart, odds are you have changed the phase .c) Listening to the overall loud ness with both sources on, pause and restart the phone sound and listen for a noticeable change in loudness of the overall sound. If you don't notice a change pause and restart the phone source again, repeating until you can hear a noticeable increase and decrease in sound due to interference. What you hear is the superposition or sum of the two sounds. To visualize what's going on with the sound waves, we can look at water waves because they exhibit wave the same behavior in many ways. Go to the water waves simulation here:http://www.phy.hk/wiki/j/Eng/interference/interference js.htm ) Change the source separation (the second slider) to 0 units because our sounds are essentially coming from the same location. The pattern on the display shows the superposition of the two sources. With the phase difference at 0 degrees, use the drop down to toggle between the superposition (wave 1 + wave 2) and the individual waves. Compare the amplitude when only one wave is displayed vs. both waves superposed. Note that the amplitude is indicated by the brightness: taller peaks are brighter, and deeper troughs are darker.

1 Consider soliton pulses having a pulse width of 20 ps at the transmitter. They propagate in a single-mode fiber at a wavelength of 1550 nm with no pulse distortion. (a) What is the maximum data rate that can be transmitted by using these soliton pulses? (b) What will limit the length of fiber over which this data can be transmitted? (b) What will limit the length of fiber over which this data can be transmitted?

7. A particle undergoing SHM has a period of 3 seconds and an amplitude of 8 m. Find а.The maximum speed (to 2dp) b. The speed of the particle when it is 5 metres from the centre of motion c. The maximum acceleration

10. Finally, try to make a constructive interference. This is a little easier. You will make an "up"wave as before, and then about the time of the 3rd green ball, make a "down" wave. What will be the direction of the "down" wave after it reflects?

7. Now it gets challenging. You want to make a destructive interference wave. Make a quick,large "up" wave as before, and when the wave gets to about the 3rd green ball marker make another large up wave.

3 Prove that Beer's law and the expression for loss given as dB = 10 log1o exp(-2aL) are the same. One way to do this is to take 10 log10 of Beer's law, to obtain the loss in dB, and then realize that y = -8.685a.