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Figure 7 shows apparatus used to estimate absolute zero in a school laboratory. The apparatus consists of a thin-walled glass tube A attached to a ruler. The tube is sealed at one end and open at the other. The tube contains a fixed mass of dry air t hat is trapped by a short column of liquid. The pressure of the trapped air is constant.The trapped air column has a length 1.

The apparatus is heated slowly in a water bath. I is measured for a range of temperaturesT of the water bath. Explain why / increases as T'increases.

Estimate, using Figure 8, absolute zero in °C. The trapped air contains 2.06 x 106 mol of dry air at a pressure of 1.01 × 10³ Pa. Calculate, in mm², the internal cross-sectional area of the glass tube.Use your estimate of absolute zero from Question 05.2 in your calculation. Describe two features of the experiment that may lead to inaccuracy when determining a value of absolute zero. A student suggests repeating the same experiment with a glass tube B. B has half the internal cross-sectional area of A. B contains the same mass of trapped air as A. Draw, on Figure 8, the variation of I with T' for B.Label this line B.

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