human reproductive biology 1 describe the structure of the male and fe
Search for question
Question
Human reproductive Biology
1. Describe the structure of the male and female reproductive systems, relating
structure to function. (200 words):
Functions of male reproductive system:
Describe the functions of each of these parts.
1. Testis
2. Epididymis
3. Vas deferens
4. Scrotum
5. Prostate gland
6. Seminal Vesicles
Functions of female reproductive system:
Describe the functions of each of these parts.
1. Ovary
2. Fallopian tubes
3. Uterus
4. Cervix
5. Vagina
2. Describe one function, brought about by the process of meiosis that
spermatogenesis and oogenesis have in common. (100 words): 14th – 15th
February 2024
Please write the similarities between spermatogenesis and oogenesis in a paragraph rather
than a table. Please discuss the process mentioning differentiation, multiplication and
division. How many stages of meiosis do they go through. Please mention if haploid or
diploid cells are formed.
3. Describe how the end product cells of spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ.
(100 words): 16th 17th February 2024
Write a paragraph on the differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Please
mention how many sperms and eggs are formed after the process. Discuss the size of the
resulting cells. Mobility of the cells.
4. Name THREE hormones involved in the control of the female menstrual cycle
and describe their function. (200 words): 18th - 20th February 2024
List three hormones and state what their function in the menstrual cycle are. You can choose
any of the ones mentioned below
GnRF (Gonadotropin Releasing Factor)
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
LH (Luteinizing hormone) Oestrogen
Progesterone
Please write three separate paragraphs, one for each hormone and its function in detail.
Please mention how they are regulated and whether they stimulate/inhibit other hormones.
5. Summarise the timeline of events in embryonic and foetal development. (600
words) 21st - 23rd February 2024
Name the three stages of fetal/prenatal development (Germinal, Embryonic and fetal)
Explain the major events in each stage.
For this section, please include aspects like what stage the cells multiply to form a
blastocyst. When the neural tubes form. When the nervous system forms. When all the
major organs are formed. When the reflexes start to take place. When the foetus puts on
weight.
6. Explain the relationship between structure and function of the placenta. (100
words) 24th February 2024
Explain how the placental structure is suited to carry out its function.
General function of the placenta mention a few of the functions. Focus on how the placenta
acts as an exchange surface for at least one structure to function point.
7. Explain the importance of the changes to the foetal circulation, lungs and liver
in the readiness for birth. (300 words) 25th - 26th February 2024
For this section the changes to fetal circulation in the lungs and liver before and after birth
needs to be discussed. An example of before birth has been provided for Foremen Ovale,
however you need to re-write this in your own words and not copy and paste what has been
provided. For this section you need to concentrate on why these events take place. For
example mention why the pulmonary arch is present before birth and why it closes after.
a. Foramen ovale
In the Foetus: Opening between atria in the heart. Allows oxygenated blood
to flow from right atria to the left atria and then to the aorta via the left
ventricle
Changes after birth:
b. Ductus arteriosus
In the Foetus.
Changes after birth:
c. Ductus venosus
In the Foetus: 8. Identify and explain the function of the stages of birth. (400 words) 27th - 28th
February 2024
Changes after birth:
d. Umbilical arteries
In the Foetus:
Changes after birth:
e. Umbilical vein
In the Foetus:
Changes after birth:
List the three stages of birth and explain what the function of each stage is.
References
Question 1
Male Reproductive System
https://microbenotes.com/male-reproductive-system/
https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/male-reproductive-organs-internal#1
https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/guide/male-reproductive-system#1
Female Reproductive System
https://patient.info/news-and-features/the-female-reproductive-
system#:~:text=The%20main%20function%20of%20the,the%20ova%20of%20a%20
woman
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human Biology/Book%3A_Human Biology (
Wakim and Grewal)/22%3A Reproductive System/22.06%3A Structures of the
Female Reproductive System
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ap/chapter/the-female-reproductive-
system/
Question 2 and 3
https://www.vedantu.com/biology/differences-between-spermatogenesis-and-
oogenesis
http://bioninja.com.au/summaries/11.4%20Gametogenesis.pdf https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human
Biology/Book%3A_Human Biology (
Wakim and Grewal)/22%3A_Reproductive System/22.08%3A Functions of the F
emale Reproductive System
Question 4
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zs9hb82/revision/2
https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/43-4-hormonal-control-of-human-
reproduction
Question 5
https://www.verywellmind.com/stages-of-prenatal-development-2795073
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ap2/chapter/embryonic-development/
https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-gb/home/women-s-health-issues/normal-
pregnancy/stages-of-development-of-the-fetus
https://www.hli.org/resources/miracle-fetal-development/
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/fetal-development-worksheet-7524244
Question 6
https://www.biologydiscussion.com/human-development/placenta-structure-and-
functions-explained-with-diagram/5163
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22337-placenta
Question 7
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/nclex-rn/nclex-rn-circulatory-system/fetal-
circulation-ddp/v/fetal-circulation-right-before-birth
Fetal Circulation (Ductus Venosus, Foramen Ovale & Ductus Arteriosus) - Sarah
Clifford Illustration srity bypasses the
VENOSUS
PULMONARY
ARTERIES
miringa
FETAL
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_EZRaOLPnc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wH6xWTWwzZw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3HRUnPKFS8
RA
CIRCULATION
Question 8
and-newborn-90-P02362
PORAMEN
OVALE
Mixed blood
anters the high in 0₂1
65 Some of this enters the
exits via the pulmonar
T TO GET TH
https://www.clinicalanatomy.ca/embryology/FetalCirculation/story.html
labor/art-20046545
Most of this
https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=fetal-circulation-90-P01790
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002395.htm#:~:text=Once%20the%20baby%20t
akes%20the, absorbed%20from%20the%20respiratory%20system
https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=blood-circulation-in-the-fetus-
Dovie and travels to
LUF
full
NOT S
GAS G
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/labor-delivery/topicinfo/stages
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/labor-and-delivery/in-depth/stages-of-
https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a177/the-stages-of-childbirth
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human Biology/Book%3A Human Biology (
Wakim_and_Grewal)/22%3A Reproductive System/22.08%3A_Functions of the F
emale Reproductive System