IV 2.16 Padding may not always be appropriate. For example, one might wish to store the encrypted data in the same memory buffer that originally contained the plaintext. In that case, the ciphertext must be the same length as the original plaintext. A mode for that purpose is the ciphertext stealing (CTS) mode. Figure 2.12a shows an implemen- tation of this mode. P₁ K→Encrypt K C₁ P₁ IV (bb bits) Encrypt C₁ (bb bits) ... CN-3 CN-3- ... K K- PN-2 Encrypt PN-2 (bb bits) (+) CN-2 (a) Ciphertext stealing mode Encrypt CN-2 (bb bits) KEncrypt PN-1 (bb bits) KEncrypt PN-1. CN-1 (bb bits) CN X K KEncrypt (b) Alternative method Figure 2.12 Block Cipher Modes for Plaintext not a Multiple of Block Size PN 00...0 Encrypt CN-1 Select leftmost j bits PN (j bits) CN (j bits)

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IV 2.16 Padding may not always be appropriate. For example, one might wish to store the encrypted data in the same memory buffer that originally contained the plaintext. In that case, the ciphertext must be the same length as the original plaintext. A mode for that purpose is the ciphertext stealing (CTS) mode. Figure