Hydraulics

Question 2 (5 points) Assuming the conduit in the figure is a trapezoidal designed excavated rock open channel with bottom width of 6' and side slopes of 4.5' horizontal to 2' vertical, and that the flow carried must be the same as in Question 1: a) Determine the critical depth of the flow. b) Determine the whether the flow in the channel is supercritical or subcritical if the depth of flow is 4'. c) Determine the normal depth of flow based on Manning's equation.

2. (30 pts) A rectangular, sharp-crested weir is used to maintain a relatively constant depth in the channel upstream of the weir. Under normal conditions, the flow rate is 30 ft/s. Under flood conditions, the flow rate is 40 ft²/s. The weir coefficient is Cwr = 0.62. (a) (15 pts) How much deeper, in ft, will the water be upstream of the weir during a flood compared to normal conditions? (b) (10 pts) Repeat Part A if the weir were to be replace by a "duck bill" weir as shown. The weir coefficient is the same Cwr = 0.62. (c) (5 pts) Do you expect the change in upstream water depth between normal and flood conditions to be larger or smaller for "duck bill" weir compared to the straight weir? Explain.

4) a) Calculate the flow rate through the below smooth inlet pipe connected to a reservoir-with a 30-degree diffuser expanding to an 8 cm outlet. b) Calculate the flow rate through the same pipe without a diffuser attached (so the exit diameter remains 5 cm) and explain the results. c) Calculate the flow rate through the same system with a sharp-edged expansion from a 5cm diameter pipe into an 8 cm diameter pipe. Is the flow rate higher or lower than in parts

1. Understand Manning equation 2. Calculate the flow rate and velocity in different slopes of a rectangular channel Given: n = 0.012. b = 25 cm. y = 13 cm Q=\frac{A}{n} R_{h}^{2 / 3} \sqrt{S_{0}} Equation:

3. What is the most likely fluid filling the gap between the shaft and the sleeve?The 1.25 in shaft moves at a steady-state speed of 2.5 ft/s. The temperature of the shaft is 85 °F. The inside diameter (ID) of the sleeve is 1.25004 in.

Determine the CBOD, NBOD, and total BOD of a 100 mg/l solution of analine(C3H;NO2)

2. A natural trapezoidal channel (n= 0.035) with 10 ft base width and 2:1 side slope (m = 2)is modified to create a uniform bottom slope of 0.2%. Determine the following if channel is designed to carry 75 cfs: a) Normal depth b) Hydraulic radius (Rh) of uniform flow

a. (10 points) Assume a leak in a 5000 gal underground storage tank containing water contaminated with Aroclor 1254 and acetone. Estimate how far each contaminant will travel in one year 7b. (10 points) A student uses a reactor to mimic the environment for a class demonstration. The sealed reactor contains 500mL water, 200 mL soil (1 percent organic carbon and density of 2.1g/cm"), and 300 mL air. The temperature of the reactor is 25°C. After adding 100 ugTrichloroethylene (TCE) to the reactor, the student incubates the reactor until equilibrium isachieved between all three phases. The Henry's law constant for TCE is 10.7 L-atm/mole at 25°C,and TCE has a log Kw of 2.42. Assuming that no chemical or biological degradation of TCE occurs during the incubation. a. What is the aqueous phase concentration of the TCE at equilibrium? b. What is the mass of TCE in the aqueous and sorbed phases after equilibrium is attained?

6. (10 points) Anthracene has contaminated harbor sediments and the solid portion of the sediments is in equilibrium with the pore water. If the organic carbon content of sediments is 5percent and the solid sediment anthracene concentration is 50 ug/kg sediment, what is the porewater concentration of anthracene at equilibrium? log Ko for anthracene is estimated to be4.32

An industrial wastewater has a 5-day BOD of 370 mg/L and a 10-day BOD of 500mg/. If the BOD progression follows first-order kinetics, determine the ultimate BOD.