Inorganic Chemistry Homework Help

Objectives (1 pt): identify the overall goal of the lab and briefly mention the methods used in the experiment along with relevant minor goals.

6. Orthoesters are compounds that have three alkoxy groups attached to the same carbon.For example, ethyl orthoacetate, CH3C(OCH2CH3)3. When ethyl orthoacetate is treated with dilute aqueous acid, ethyl acetate is obtained. Propose a step-wise mechanism for this reaction using arrows to show electron flow where appropriate. \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C}\left(\mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{H}^{+} \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{C}(=\mathrm{O}) \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}+2 \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}

Compound A has a parent peak of M+ = 95 m/z in its mass spectrum and shows a medium intensity, sharp infrared absorption band at 2280 cm-1.The 'H NMR spectrum of compound A shows 3 signals in a 4 :4:1 ratio. Treatment of Compound A with hot aqueous acid generates Compound B (M+= 113 m/z; strong infrared absorption 1723, medium3350 cm-1). Compound B can be transformed back to A by using SOCI2. Finally Compound B can be transformed with lithium aluminum hydride (ether) then aqueous acid to Compound C (M+ = 99 m/z). Identify Compounds A, B, C. State your reasoning.

Q1. Write the ionization reaction and the ion-product expression (Qsp) at equilibrium for each compound: \text { a) } \mathrm{Sr}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2} \text { b) } \mathrm{Ag}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4} \text { c) } \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}

Because fingerprints are unique to an individual (even between identical twins), they are useful information in forensic situations. To make fingerprints visible, various chemistry can be used. Cyanoacrylate fumes are the most common method of developing fingerprints, turning them white. a) One such compound is ethyl cyanoacrylate, which can be synthesized as below. Propose a mechanism for the reaction, identifying the driving force for the reaction.[4] b) Propose a mechanism for the dimerisation of ethyl cyanoacrylate, which will also involve the incorporation of water. If the pi bond is a nucleophile, use acid catalysis; if it is an electrophile, use base catalysis.14] Ninhydrin, reacting with amino acids present, produces a compound with a purple colour that makes the finger prints visible. c) Propose a mechanism for either Step 1or Step 4. d) Propose a mechanism for Step 2, identifying the structure of J. e) Propose a mechanism for Step 3, identifying the structure of Q.

4. The Frost diagram below shows the redox behaviour of phosphorous and sulfur. Briefly discuss the relevance of this redox behaviour for the biological roles of phosphorous and sulfur.(4]

Draw the structures for the following compounds: 2,3,6,8 \text {-tetramethyl-4-decene } 3 \text {-ethyl-1,1,2-trimethylcyclopentane }

Complete the following synthetic scheme for the synthesis of ether starting from ketone

\text { Rate }=\frac{1}{2} \frac{-[?] ?][A]}{[?][?] t}=\frac{-[?] ?][B]}{[?][?] t}=\frac{1}{2} \frac{[?][?][C]}{[?][?] t}=\frac{[?][?][D]}{[?][?] t} AA gaseous reaction has the rate relationship listed above a. Write a balanced equation for this reaction b. In the first 15s of the reaction, 0.015 mole of B is consumed in a reaction vessel with a volume of0.500 L. What is the rate of reaction during this time interval? This reaction was performed multiple times and provided the following data: c. Determine the order of reaction with respect to reactant A. Justify your answer d. Determine the order of reaction with respect to reactant B. Justify your answer. e. Write the rate law for the overall reaction f. Determine the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction. Include units with your answer. g. Calculate the initial reaction rate for experiment 4. h. The following mechanism has been proposed for the reaction A + A + B –→ E +E + Cslow \text { Step 2: } \quad \mathrm{E}+\mathrm{E} \leftrightarrows \mathrm{D}+\mathrm{C} \quad \text { fast equilibrium } Provide two reasonswhy the mechanism is acceptable. i.In the mechanism in part (h), is species E a catalyst or is it an intermediate? Justify your answer.

Chapter 8 Page 8 Draw the arrows/ intermediates/products for the acid catalysed hydration reactions: Draw the arrows leading to the carbocation intermediates and the products for the acid catalysed hydration reactions:

\text { Predict structures for: } \mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{Me}, \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{Me}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{4},\left(\mathrm{R}_{2} \mathrm{AlH}\right)_{3},(\mathrm{RBO})_{3}

Chapter 8 Page 12 Draw the main product of the following reactions:

Draw a structural formula for ethanal. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms.

Draw the final product(s) of each reaction below. In instances where you expect more than one product, indicate which will be the major product, or whether they will be formed in equal amounts.Please be sure to indicate stereo chemistry when appropriate. Partial credit will be given. (4 points I.each, 20 points total)

2. Rank (1-4) the following compounds from most acidic (1) to least acidic (4). Place a numbers beside the structures to indicate acidity.

Name the marked functional groups in Naproxen . ChydroxylC carboxylCesterCalkoxy ChydroxylcarboxylesterC alkoxy

10. You will have studied ONE (1) out a possible three biomolecule units: * Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins * Lipids * Nucleic Acids Explain the rationale for picking your optional unit. Then assume you are talking to an organic chemistry classmate who has studied CHEM 360, but has chosen another optional biomolecule unit. In your own words briefly explain to them the top three takeaway chemistry lessons that you found important in your unit.

When 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol is heated with strong acid (sulfuric or phosphoric acids) two alkene products (constitutional isomers) are formed. Draw structures for the products, predict the major product and explain its formation via the mechanism for the reaction.