Total Points: 7.5 GEOG 683: Hazards and Emergency Management Lab 2: Vehicle Routing Required map is provided in the reference file In this assignment you will be examining how best to route vehicles. Complete the lab utilizing the 12-5 Routing vehicles from depots to demand points data that has been uploaded to ELMS. Deliverable: insert your completed maps into a Word document and include a paragraph describing how efficiently routing vehicles from depots/central location to demand points will aid in examining your disaster (note, if it does not apply to your disaster, use another disaster). Routing vehicles from depots to demand points Consumers want to buy locally grown produce (fruits, grains, and vegetables) in their grocery stores, but grocery stores cannot take deliveries from local farmers directly because of the small volume of produce a single farmer may erratically have versus the large volumes of produce reliably needed by the stores. It's too costly and there are too many uncertainties for large grocery stores to take delivery from many individual farmers. The solution is to provide aggregation depots, which take deliveries from farmers, large and small, and then deliver truckloads of produce to the grocery stores. That's just the sort of problem for the Vehicle Routing algorithm of Network Analyst; it minimizes costs for the depots of delivering the produce to grocery stores. As you will see, the Vehicle Routing algorithm is rich in terms of complexity handled and parameters you can set for minimizing routing costs. Get started Suppose that the Food Hub Collaborative is looking for a produce aggregation depot in San Francisco and plans to use up to four dock-high delivery trucks, each with a payload capacity of 20,000 pounds, to supply San Francisco's over 40 major grocery stores with locally grown produce. For planning purposes, you'll assume that eventually all the grocery stores will be customers with typical demands based on sales volume. That way you can determine which of the two alternative depots is best and if four trucks is the right number. 1. Open Tutorial 12-5.mxd from the Maps folder and use the Service Area bookmark. 2. Save the map document. If necessary, click Customize > Extensions, click Network Analyst on, and click Close. Also click Customize Toolbars > Network Analyst. Add depots and orders You'll select the Vehicle-Routing model, and then load facility and demand points. You'll select Sushi Umi and use it as the depot. Later, you'll try the US Trading Company as an alternative site. 1. Select the Sushi Umi depot with the Selection tool on the Tools toolbar. 2. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click Network Analyst and select New Vehicle Routing Problem. Open the Network Analyst window. 3. In the Network Analyst window, right-click Depots, click Load Locations, and type or make selections as shown in the image, with SFGroceryWarehouses for Load From, 9:00:00 for TimeWindowStart1, and 5:00:00 for TimeWindowEndl. TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 are the hours of operation for the depot. For Sushi Umi, it's 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 4. Click OK. 5. Right-click Orders and click Load Locations. Select SFGrocery Stores for the Load From field and complete the form by making selections as shown in the image, with Address for Name, ServiceTime for ServiceTime, TimeStart1 for TimeWindowStart1, TimeEndl for TimeWindowEnd1, and 0 for Max ViolationTime1. Although the field is not shown in the image, scroll down and select Demand for DeliveryQuantities. The solver needs unique names for each order point so you'll use Address, which is unique whereas Name repeats because chain stores have the same name. The ServiceTime field provides data on how long a stop is (in minutes) at a grocery store to get to the unloading dock, unload, and get back on the delivery route. TimeWindowStart1 and TimeWindowEnd1 provide the time window during which a grocery store accepts deliveries. Each store has a window of 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. The default value of 0 for Max ViolationTimel indicates that time windows cannot be violated. Finally, DeliveryQuantities is the number of pounds of an order for each store. 6. Click OK. That adds 43 orders to grocery stores to be on the route for deliveries. Add routes Some details are needed for properties of routes and trucks; namely, the capacity and costs of operating trucks. Fortunately you can create one route (and truck), and then copy and paste it for the other three trucks because the Food Hub Collaborative would have four new, identical trucks. Then the Vehicle Routing Algorithm will create the four best routes to meet demand. 1. In the Network Analyst window, right-click Routes and click Add Item. 2. Select or type the properties from the table shown (leaving properties omitted from the table with the default or Null value). Value Description Property Name Truck 1 StartDepotName EndDepotName EarliestStartTime LatestStartTime CostPerUnitTime Name of the truck Sushi Umi Sushi Umi 8:00 AM 8:00 AM The truck starts at this depot The truck ends at this depot The truck can start loading at 8:00 AM The truck must start at 8:00 AM Capacities 20000 Capacity of the truck in pounds $0.40 per minute CostPerUnitDistance MaxTotalTime 390 minutes 3. Click OK. 0.40 1.25 The truck driver is paid $24 per hour, so cost is $24/60 minutes: The cost of fuel, truck depreciation, maintenance, tires, etc. per mile The work shift for a driver is 8 hours, but total work time is 6.5 hours, or 390 4. Right-click Truck_1 in the Network Analyst window and click Copy. Right-click Routes (1) and click Paste three times. 5. Edit the three copies of Truck _1 to rename them Truck_2, Truck _3, and Truck_4. Set properties for the routing problem As is usual with Network Analyst, next you'll select analysis settings. 1. Click the Properties button in the Network Analyst window > Analysis Settings tab. 2. Type or make selections as shown in the image, with TravelTime (Minutes) for Time Attribute, Meters (Meters) for Distance Attribute, Monday for Day of Week, Not Allowed for U-Turns at Junctions, Straight Line for Output Shape Type, and Use Hierarchy unchecked. 3. Click OK. Solve the routing problem Now you'll see if four trucks can meet demand. 1. Click the Solve button on the Network Analyst toolbar. 2. Right-click Routes and symbolize with Categories > Unique values using Name for the Value field and width = 2 for line symbols. Evidently, four trucks is enough to meet this level of demand, because all 43 grocery stores are allocated. Next, let's take a look at the level of usage for each truck and costs. 3. In the Network Analyst window under Routes, double-click Truck_1 to open its Properties window. Scroll down to see the results of routing. This truck needed only 199.8 minutes of the 390 available in the workday, only drove about 6 miles for a total of 12.8 minutes of driving, and finished at 11:20 a.m. If you checked the other three trucks, you would see that they used 308, 350, and 371 minutes of the workday each. Maybe three trucks would be enough to do the job. Add route renewal 1. In the Network Analyst window, right-click and delete Truck_4. 2. Right-click Route Renewals (0) in the Network Analyst window and click Add item. 3. Make selections or type as follows. This allows Truck_1 to return to the depot to reload, in an estimated 30 minutes' time, and then go back out again to finish a route. 4. Click OK. Likewise, add two more items to Route Renewals, including the other two trucks. 5. Click OK and re-solve. That makes the three trucks nearly feasible with only two stores not getting deliveries. Truck driver 1 works 388 minutes, truck driver 2 works 355 minutes, and truck driver 3 works 382 minutes―getting close to the 390 minutes available in a regular workday. Not every store would have an order every day, so three trucks might be enough. The tight constraint is MaxTotalTime (390 minutes), so next try increasing that parameter to 7 hours per day × 60 minutes per hour = 420 minutes. 6. Under Routes in the Network Analyst window, double-click Truck_1 and set MaxTotalTime to 420. Likewise, do the same for the other two trucks and re-solve. Now all grocery stores can have deliveries. 7. Save your map document.