Unit 4 Part A - Biomolecules - Guidance Title: Biomolecules and key biological principles Credits: 6 (Graded) Part A Deadline: Please use the Ascentis workbook and links provided to read on the topic to be written about and then rephrase the information into your own words. Day 1-2 1. With reference to the graph below, answer the following: a. Describe the effect of increasing substrate concentration on enzyme activity in the reaction. What happens to the rate of enzyme reaction as substrate concentration increases? b. Give an explanation for the term 'enzyme-substrate complex'. What is the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction? What is a substrate in relation to enzymes? How do substrates and enzymes interact to form a complex? Make sure to mention the active site. c. Label 'Z' on the graph at a point where the active sites of the enzyme are not fully saturated with substrate molecules. Insert a 'Z' on the line of the graph at any point where the enzymes are not fully saturated with substrate molecules. Rate of Enzyme Controlled Reaction Substrate Concentration Day 3 2. Write a definition for each of the characteristics below Characteristic Phenotype Diploid cell Gene Locus Sex Linkage Homozygous Day 4 Definition 3. Place a tick in the corresponding boxes to link with the described features Features Contains Sulphur Is a Monomer Contains Peptide bonds Formed by a condensation reaction Is a storage molecule Contains Glycerol Day 5 Glucose Sucrose Protein Starch Fat Glycogen 4. Explain the meaning of the terms: a. Gene What is a gene and where are they located? What is the role of genes? What is the importance of genes in inheritance and traits? Give an example. b. Mutation What is a mutation and how do they occur? What is the significance of mutations in genetics? Give an example. Day 6-7 5. a. State the meaning of the term polymer. What is a polymer and how are they formed? b. Identify an energy storage polymer found in muscle cells. Name an energy storage polymer that can be found in muscle cells. c. Explain why monosaccharide molecules are not suitable as storage molecules within cells. Explain what a monosaccharide is and how they are used in the cells. Explain why monosaccharides are not suitable as storage molecules and give some examples. Resources Enzymes https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/cellular-energetics/enzyme- structure-and-catalysis/a/enzymes-and-the-active-site https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgVFkRn8f10 Genetics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CBezq1fFUEA https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ms-biology/x0c5bb03129646fd6:inheritance- and-variation/x0c5bb03129646fd6:genes-proteins-and-traits/a/genes-proteins-and- traits-ms https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ms-biology/x0c5bb03129646fd6:inheritance- and-variation/x0c5bb03129646fd6: chromosomes/a/chromosomes-and-genes-ms https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zc499j6/revision/2/n