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Q1:Need to make a Report Topic is Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Write a report on the TGA device, its features, how it works, applications, and its uses Page limit; - 3 Have to include the references Format: 12Pt, times roman, APA formatSee Answer
Q2:INSTRUCTIONS Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) This is the topic, need 3 slides,some pictures must be placed with an explanation under the picture scanning Electron Mircoscop (SEM) 1-Device identification 2-Pictures must be included with an explanation for each pictureSee Answer
Q3:Microbiome Research and Reflection After reading the Microbiome PowerPoint slides, do some research on the benefits of the microbiome on your health other than the benefits for our digestive system. Do not include digestive benefits. 1. Is there possibly a link to obesity, allergies, autism, the immune system, heart health, or the nervous system? Explain with details. What does research over the past few years show? 2. What is a fecal transplant? How can it be used to treat C. difficile infections? 3. Were you surprised? What do you think about all this? Do you find the research interesting, why or why not? Does it change the way you think of microbes or human health in any ways? 4. Cite your sources! Minimum of 2 sources. Write a 3 paragraph essay addressing the above questions. Cite your sources at the end.See Answer
Q4: 1. 2. Consider the "unit square function" given by f(x, y) = {1, −1 ≤ x ≤ 1, −1 ≤ y ≤ 1 otherwise Let p(r, 0) be the 2D Radon transform of ƒ (x, y). (a) Determine p(r, 0). (b) Determine p(r,ï/4). A first generation CT scanner is used to image a unit-square shaped object (i.e., length of each side = 1). The object is surrounded by air and has a constant linear attenuation coefficient of μ. The coordinate system is set up such that the origin is at the object center, and the x- and y-axes are parallel to the sides of the object. (a) (4 pts) Write a mathematical expression for the linear attenuation function (x, y). (Hint: Use the rect function) (b) (4 pts) Determine the Fourier transform of μ(x, y). (c) (5 pts) Determine p(r,0°) using the definition of Radon transform. (d) (5 pts) Determine P(K,0°) using projection-slice theorem. (e) (5 pts) Determine p(r,0°) by taking the inverse Fourier transform of P(K,0°). Compare your result with that from part (c). (f) (5 pts) Determine b (x, y) from p(r,0°).See Answer
Q5:/n Resting Mean Amplitude (mV) Post-Exercise Mean Amplitude (mV) P Wave R Wave T Wave P Wave R Wave T Wave Lead I 0.047 0.933 0.395 0.079 0.663 0.2823 Lead II 0.065 0.351 0.372 0.88 0.881 0.2187 Lead III -0.027 -0.804 -0.238 -0.018 -1.19 -0.0857 aVR -0.068 -0.551 -0.449 -0.081 -0.594 -0.293 aVL 0.038 0.979 0.255 0.068 -0.494 0.197 aVF -0.246 -0.527 0.398 0.041 0.951 0.1057 RR-Time (seconds) RR-Time (seconds) 0.61625 0.4825 DO NOT CHANGE THIS SPREADSHEET ENTER DATA FOR YOUR TEAM UPLOAD TO BOX WHEN COMPLETE NAME THIS FILE: TeamLxxx_lab6xlsx where xxx is your team number/n BE 312 Lab #6 Lab 6: The Six-Lead Electrocardiogram I. Background The cardiac cycle involves a sequential contraction of the atria and the ventricles. These contractions are triggered by the coordinated electrical activity of the myocardial cells in the heart. The electrical currents produced by the heart are large and can be recorded through electrodes placed on the skin. The recording is known as an electrocardiogram or ECG. When diagnosing the health of the heart, electrocardiograms are recorded from specific positions around the heart and analyzed to determine existence of cardiac disease. These positions or combinations of positions are referred to as leads or views. However, the data collected from this experiment should not be used to determine the health of fitness of any subject's heart. ECG Components Cardiac action potentials contain three phases. In addition to the rapid depolarization and repolarization of the membrane potential in nerve and muscle action potentials, cardiac action potentials contain a plateau depolarization after the period of rapid depolarization. This plateau is pronounced in the potentials from ventricular fibers. A recording from a single lead, like Lead I in Figure 1, is adequate for demonstrating the basic components of the ECG. There are specific waveforms associated with the electrical activity of the atrial and ventricular fibers. These events and waveforms are: • The atrial depolarization which produces the P wave. The atrial repolarization and the ventricular depolarization which produce the QRS complex. The ventricular repolarization which produces the T wave. NormalECG-WX214-None-LabScribe v3 File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced External Devices Help @林本 Default View Off < > V2-V1 Add Function A1ECG 1.042 1- 09- 08- 0.7- 06- 05- 04- 0.3- 02- T T P 0.1- 0- -0.1- -0.2- -0.3- -04- -05- -06- -07- C1:Comp Ch 1 2.196 sec 0.865 S 2.624 sec 3.052 sec 3.480 sec N < 3.906 sec Done Calculating data for Block 1 Figure 1. ECG trace in the Main window with labels showing the P, QRS and T waves. BE 312 Lab #6 Multiple Leads There are twelve common cardiographic leads, six limb and six chest. The six limb, or coronal, leads are in the frontal plane of the body which is the plane parallel to the floor when the subject is reclining. The six chest, or precordial, leads are in the transverse plane of the body which is the plane perpendicular to the floor when the subject is reclining. Examining the electrical activity of the heart from twelve different angles can be a valuable clinical tool. The way that currents pass through different parts of the heart can indicate abnormalities or problems such as: hypertrophies, bundle branch or fascicular blocks, cushion defects, pulmonary hypertension, and more. By measuring the magnitudes of the electrical activity from different directions, the areas of the heart that are abnormal can be identified. A clinician can gain a better understanding of the health of the heart by having more views of that organ. In this experiment, students will place five electrodes on a subject and be able to record six different views of the subject's heart. Each view is often referred to as a lead. This is possible because the electrodes are used in different combinations, as either recording or reference electrodes, to create six different views of the heart. The standard limb leads, or bipolar leads, measure the potential difference between a positive recording electrode and a negative recording electrode. The standard limb leads are: • . Lead I (I): Positive electrode on the left arm and the negative electrode on the right arm. Lead II (II): Positive electrode on the left leg and the negative electrode on the right arm. Lead III (III): Positive electrode on the left leg and the negative electrode on the left arm. The augmented limb leads, or unipolar leads, measure the potential difference between a signal recording electrode and a combination of other electrodes that form a composite negative electrode. Each augmented limb lead has a view of the heart that at a right angle to one of the standard limb leads. The augmented limb lead are: • aVR: Positive electrode is on the right arm and the electrodes on the left arm and the left leg form a composite negative electrode. aVL: Positive electrode is on the left arm and the electrodes on the right arm and the left leg form a composite negative electrode. aVF: Positive electrode is on the left leg and the electrodes on the right arm and the left arm form a composite negative electrode. The diagram that describes the axes of the leads and the vectors of the ECG signals directed toward the leads is known as Eithoven's Triangle (see Figure 2). For example, the positive electrode in Lead I, which is on the left arm, has a view of the electrical activity of the heart while it is looking toward the right shoulder. As shown in the same figure, the axis of Lead I is parallel to a line that connects the shoulders. By definition, the axis of Lead I is defined as zero degrees. 2 BE 312 Lab #6 In a subject with a normal heart in a normal orientation, the ECG recording from Lead II will yield an R wave with the highest amplitude of all the limb leads. In Lead II, the positive electrode on the left leg has a head-on view of the electrical activity of the heart because this electrode is facing the right shoulder. The axis of Lead II is right through the septum that divides the ventricles. the septum is the site of the tissue bundles responsible for carrying the depolarization of the heart to the muscle fibers in the apex of the heart. By definition, the axis of Lead II is +60 degrees. Lead I (0° axis) Right Arm + Left Arm aVR (-1500) aVL. (300) Lead II (+600) Lead III (+1200) aVF (+900) Left Leg Figure 2. Einthoven's Triangle identifying the axes of the six limb leads. In this lab, students will attach one ground and four recording electrodes to the subject and record electrocardiograms from the positions known as Lead I and Lead II. The other four limb leads will be synthesized from the recordings from Leads I and II and a series of equations. These equations are incorporated into the LabScribe software as computed functions in the add function pull-down menu. They only need to be activated to work. If Leads I and II are recorded on Channels 1 and 2, respectively, the limb lead computed functions take the raw data recorded on these channels and derive the electrocardiograms for the other four limb leads. These leads can be displayed on any of the six available channels. The derivations used to synthesize ECG's for different leads are appended to the end of this experiment. LabScribe recording software is programmed to perform the measurements described by these equations in the Appendix. II. Setup Equipment Required • PC or Mac Computer • IXTA, USB cable, IXTA power supply • ROAM ECG 3 BE 312 Lab #6 • Alcohol swabs • Disposable ECG electrodes Settings Human Heart ->SixLeadECG-ROAM ROAM/ECG Cable Setup 1. Locate the ROAM, disconnect it from the dock (Figure 3) and place the electrodes as shown in Figure 4. iWorx TA-ROAM A1 A2 ROAM Wireless Wire LV Stim A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 PT 2 S1 S2 RAM Figure 3. The TA and ROAM removed from the dock. Figure 4. Placement of ECG electrodes. BE 312 Lab #6 2. Instruct the subject to sit quietly with their hands in their lap. Experiment Exercise 1: Six Lead ECG from Resting Subject and Analysis Aim: To record a Six Lead ECG from a resting subject and determine the QRS axis of the subject's heart. Approximate Time: 20 minutes Procedure 1. Click on the Record button. 2. Click on the AutoScale All button. Your recording should look like Figure 5 below. • If the signal on the Lead I and the Lead II channels is upside down when compared to trace click on the downward arrow to the left of the channel title and select the Invert function. The trace should now look like the one in Figure 5. Normal6LeadECG-IWX214-None-LabScribe v3 File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced External Devices Help X < V2-V1 Add Function AlLead 0.001 0.00- 0.75m- 0.25m- -0.25m- A2:Lead 0.001 0.00- 0.75m- 50.25m- -0.25m- -C1:Lead -0.000 -0.2m- -0.4m- Rm- C2Lead aVR 0.001 -0.5m- -0.00 C3:Lead aVL 0.001 0.00- -0.75m- 50.25m- -0.25m- C4VF 0.000 0.5m- 0.3m- 0.1m- 1m- 10.986 sec N < Done Calculating data for Block 1 11.736 sec M Default View Off REC 12.486 sec 13.236 sec 13.981 sec > Figure 5. Six lead ECG generated by recording Leads I and II on Channels 1 and 2, respectively. The remaining limb leads are derived by computed functions. 3. When you have a suitable trace, type Resting ECG/Pulse in the Mark box to the right of the Mark button. Click the mark button to attach the comment to the data. Record for at least 5 minutes. 4. Click Stop to halt recording. 5. Select Save As in the File menu, type a name for the file. Click on the Save button to save the data file. 5/nIII. Report Questions 1. Include completed Table 1 for your one subject in the report. For these questions (2-8) answer based on your own team data for Exercise 1 2. From which leads were upright R waves recorded? From which electrode (left arm, right arm, left leg, or right leg) and along which axis (-150, -30, 0, 60, 90, 120 degrees) were these leads "looking" at the depolarization of the ventricle? You may need to refer to the Background information to answer these questions. 3. From which leads were inverted R waves recorded? From which electrode (left arm, right arm, left leg, or right leg) and along which axis (-150, -30, 0, 60, 90, 120 degrees) were these leads looking at the depolarization of the ventricle? 4. State which lead is the isoelectric lead. 5. What is the QRS axis of the subject's heart? Is the QRS axis of your subject within the normal range of the QRS axis? Look for a reference to find the normal range. 6. Which ECG lead provided the largest R wave for the subject? 7. Which lead is closest to the QRS axis of the heart? 8. Using the Appendix equations and the Lead I, Lead II, Lead III data, calculate the augmented values and compare to the values you obtained using LabScribe.See Answer
Q6: EE 502 - Homework 1 Submissions are online through Canvas. Please answer the questions using information from Chapters 1 and 2 of the book, as well as the lecture discussions. If needed, you can also look up information online to answer some of the questions. Responses generated by ChatGPT or any comparable platform will not be tolerated. 1. Define Assistive Technology (AT) and discuss its significance for individuals with disabilities and society at large. 2. Differentiate between AT devices and AT services. 3. Outline the principles governing AT service delivery. 4. Explain the Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) model, providing detailed insights into its components. Provide two examples of AT devices for each of the following technology options covered on January 29th (Fig. 2.2 of the book), not discussed in class. Elaborate on how these devices exemplify their respective categories: a. Commercially available software for standard hardware designed for individuals with disabilities b. Modified devices designed for individuals with disabilities 5. 6. Compose three paragraphs such that: a. Paragraph 1 concisely describes a hard AT device you intend to develop, addressing: i. The identified need ii. The target population iii. How the AT device might address the specified need b. Paragraph 2 details how the HAAT model can be applied throughout the research and development (R&D) phase of your AT device. c. Paragraph 3 briefly outlines the functions of the four aspects/elements of the assistive technology device, namely the HTI, environmental sensors, processor(s), and activity output(s). Avoid overly technical language but include critical specifications if applicable.See Answer
Q7:Which types of temperature sensors are most commonly used (name types of temperature sensors)? Select one or more alternatives: RTD Thermistor Thermocouple Kryptonite PalantirSee Answer
Q8:Which types of temperature sensors are most commonly used (name types of temperature sensors)? Select one or more alternatives: RTD Thermistor Thermocouple Kryptonite PalantirSee Answer
Q9:Which definition most accurately describe when to use a pressure switch and when pressure transmitter? Select one alternative: a pressure switch is used when we don't need to measure exact value of a pressure but rather activate (open or close) the valve when a set pressure threshold (value) is reached, while pressure transmitter is used to continuously measure the values of pressure in the system a pressure switch is used when we need to continuously measure a value of a pressure in the system, while pressure transmitter is used as a switch that activates (e.g. open or close the valve) when a set pressure threshold is reached pressure switch and pressure transmitter represent the same device (sometimes one term is used over the other depending on industry), thus it is not important when to use pressure switch or pressure transmitter, both are equally fine none of the above definitions are correctSee Answer
Q10:What is a LVDT sensor? Select one alternative: LVDT represents a Linear Variable Differential Transducer that measures a linear displacement via change of inductance of coil elements LVDT represents a Large Variation Differential Transducer that measures a linear displacement via change of inductance of coil elements LVDT represents a Linear Variable Differential Transducer that measures a linear displacement based on deformation of piezoelectric crystal material LVDT represents a Large Variation Differential Transducer that measures a linear displacement via change of electrical resistance of coil elementsSee Answer
Q11:Which formulation most accurately defines a linear potentiometer? Select one alternative: linear potentiometer measures a linear displacement via change of inductance of coil elements linear potentiometer measures a linear displacement by emitting beam of light linear potentiometer measures a linear displacement via change of resistance of the resistive element none of the above is accurateSee Answer
Q12:Name different types of sensors (according to type/way of measurements)? Select one or more alternatives: temperature analogue sensors (measurements) flow discrete sensors (detection) accelerationSee Answer
Q13:What are some of the advantages of thermocouple? Select one or more alternatives: have a fast response time good isolation extreme durability can be used at very high temperatures have perfect linear characteristicsSee Answer
Q14:Which formulation most accurately describes a working principle of pneumatic linear actuators? Select one alternative: pneumatic linear actuator uses electrical power/energy to realize linear motion of the actuator piston rod pneumatic linear actuator uses compressed air as source of driving power/energy to realize linear motion of the actuator piston rod pneumatic linear actuator uses piezoelectric effect to realize linear motion of the actuator piston rod pneumatic linear actuator uses hydraulic power/energy to realize linear motion of the actuator piston rodSee Answer
Q15:Question: We have a thermocouple which has an analogue output voltage range from 0 to 10 mV and we want to connect it to a PC. In order to achieve this we have an ADC with a maximum range from 0 to 5 V. a. Based upon a non-inverting amplifier design an amplifier circuit that can match the thermocouple to the ADC. b. The amplifier available has a non-infinite open loop gain of 107, determine how many bits can have so that this error will not affect the output.See Answer
Q16:LabVIEW Home Work-7 1. Construct a VI that has three round LEDs on the front panel. When you run the program, the first LED should turn on and stay on. After one second the second LED should turn on and stay on. After two more seconds, the third LED should turn on and stay on. All LEDs should be on for three seconds, and then the program should end. (5 points)See Answer
Q17:2. A large square planar magnet with M = M(1-z/a)ý and a thickness a lies on the x-y plane, and is held in place on top of a similar magnet with M = -M(1+z/a) (also thickness a). a) Find all the bound current densities. b) Sketch the magnitude of the magnetic field as a function of z, By(z). Linear magnetic material:See Answer
Q18:4. A solid silver toroid (with square cross-section) is wrapped by a current-carrying wire, N times, in a configuration shown in the figure (as a cut-away view). Note that silver is a linear diamagnetic material, which implies that its magnetic susceptibility Xm is negative. When a constant current I is applied through the wire (see the arrow for its direction), find B, M, and H fields in the interior of the silver. Find the surface bound currents on the inner and outer radii (the surfaces at s = a and s= b). Is the surface bound current parallel or anti-parallel to the applied current through the wire? Find the volume bound current density in the interior of the silver. hSee Answer
Q19:Problem 1) V₁ B R₁. RA D R₁ (strain gage) A Wheatstone bridge with a strain gauge is shown above. The nominal gauge resistance is 120 2. The gauge factor is 2.065. Assume that the temperature dependence of the resistance of the strain gauge is R=R, (1+0.004AT). (AT in units °C) V=10V. a.) You apply a strain of 500 μstrain to the gauge. What resistance of R2 do you require to compensate the bridge? Note: You may assume R₁ = R4. b.) Express the effect of temperature in units μstrain/°C. Assume that the temperature in the lab has a maximum change of 3°C. What would be the systematic uncertainty on a strain measurement? Note that this estimate is not including self-heating. c.) An identical strain gauge is placed on position 2 in the Wheatstone bridge to allow for temperature compensation. The bridge is initially balanced. What voltage will you measure for Vo when 500 μstrain is applied to the gauge? Assume there is zero strain on the temperature compensation that is in position 2. d.) Describe how you could increase the sensitivity by adding another strain gauge on position 1. On what side of the beam (upper or lower part) would you attach this additional strain gauge if the original strain gauge is mounted on the upper part? Please draw the beam and clearly indicate the position of all the gauges on the beam. e.) Describe how you could increase the sensitivity by adding another strain gauge on position 4. On what side of the beam (upper or lower part) would you attach this additional strain gauge if the original strain gauge is mounted on the upper part? Please draw the beam and clearly indicate the position of all the gauges on the beam.See Answer
Q20:P16-6. The wiring diagram of an S thermocouple is shown in Figure P16.6. The voltage across the thermocouple wires, measured at the terminals of the analog input channel is 13.940 mV. The temperature of the reference (cold) junction is 23 °C. What is the temperature (in °C) of the hot junction? Find your answers to the nearest one-hundredth of a degree. Do the voltage-to-temperature conversion using: (a) the S thermocouple table (b) the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) polynomial coefficients.See Answer

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