tutorbin

robotics homework help

Boost your journey with 24/7 access to skilled experts, offering unmatched robotics homework help

tutorbin

Trusted by 1.1 M+ Happy Students

Place An Orderand save time
man
phone
  • United States+1
  • United Kingdom+44
  • Afghanistan (‫افغانستان‬‎)+93
  • Albania (Shqipëri)+355
  • Algeria (‫الجزائر‬‎)+213
  • American Samoa+1
  • Andorra+376
  • Angola+244
  • Anguilla+1
  • Antigua and Barbuda+1
  • Argentina+54
  • Armenia (Հայաստան)+374
  • Aruba+297
  • Ascension Island+247
  • Australia+61
  • Austria (Österreich)+43
  • Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan)+994
  • Bahamas+1
  • Bahrain (‫البحرين‬‎)+973
  • Barbados+1
  • Belarus (Беларусь)+375
  • Belgium (België)+32
  • Belize+501
  • Benin (Bénin)+229
  • Bermuda+1
  • Bhutan (འབྲུག)+975
  • Bolivia+591
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (Босна и Херцеговина)+387
  • Botswana+267
  • Brazil (Brasil)+55
  • British Indian Ocean Territory+246
  • British Virgin Islands+1
  • Brunei+673
  • Bulgaria (България)+359
  • Burkina Faso+226
  • Burundi (Uburundi)+257
  • Cambodia (កម្ពុជា)+855
  • Cameroon (Cameroun)+237
  • Canada+1
  • Cape Verde (Kabu Verdi)+238
  • Caribbean Netherlands+599
  • Cayman Islands+1
  • Central African Republic (République centrafricaine)+236
  • Chad (Tchad)+235
  • Chile+56
  • China (中国)+86
  • Christmas Island+61
  • Cocos (Keeling) Islands+61
  • Colombia+57
  • Comoros (‫جزر القمر‬‎)+269
  • Congo (DRC) (Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo)+243
  • Congo (Republic) (Congo-Brazzaville)+242
  • Cook Islands+682
  • Costa Rica+506
  • Côte d’Ivoire+225
  • Croatia (Hrvatska)+385
  • Cuba+53
  • Curaçao+599
  • Cyprus (Κύπρος)+357
  • Czech Republic (Česká republika)+420
  • Denmark (Danmark)+45
  • Djibouti+253
  • Dominica+1
  • Dominican Republic (República Dominicana)+1
  • Ecuador+593
  • Egypt (‫مصر‬‎)+20
  • El Salvador+503
  • Equatorial Guinea (Guinea Ecuatorial)+240
  • Eritrea+291
  • Estonia (Eesti)+372
  • Eswatini+268
  • Ethiopia+251
  • Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)+500
  • Faroe Islands (Føroyar)+298
  • Fiji+679
  • Finland (Suomi)+358
  • France+33
  • French Guiana (Guyane française)+594
  • French Polynesia (Polynésie française)+689
  • Gabon+241
  • Gambia+220
  • Georgia (საქართველო)+995
  • Germany (Deutschland)+49
  • Ghana (Gaana)+233
  • Gibraltar+350
  • Greece (Ελλάδα)+30
  • Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat)+299
  • Grenada+1
  • Guadeloupe+590
  • Guam+1
  • Guatemala+502
  • Guernsey+44
  • Guinea (Guinée)+224
  • Guinea-Bissau (Guiné Bissau)+245
  • Guyana+592
  • Haiti+509
  • Honduras+504
  • Hong Kong (香港)+852
  • Hungary (Magyarország)+36
  • Iceland (Ísland)+354
  • Indonesia+62
  • Iran (‫ایران‬‎)+98
  • Iraq (‫العراق‬‎)+964
  • Ireland+353
  • Isle of Man+44
  • Israel (‫ישראל‬‎)+972
  • Italy (Italia)+39
  • Jamaica+1
  • Japan (日本)+81
  • Jersey+44
  • Jordan (‫الأردن‬‎)+962
  • Kazakhstan (Казахстан)+7
  • Kenya+254
  • Kiribati+686
  • Kosovo+383
  • Kuwait (‫الكويت‬‎)+965
  • Kyrgyzstan (Кыргызстан)+996
  • Laos (ລາວ)+856
  • Latvia (Latvija)+371
  • Lebanon (‫لبنان‬‎)+961
  • Lesotho+266
  • Liberia+231
  • Libya (‫ليبيا‬‎)+218
  • Liechtenstein+423
  • Lithuania (Lietuva)+370
  • Luxembourg+352
  • Macau (澳門)+853
  • North Macedonia (Македонија)+389
  • Madagascar (Madagasikara)+261
  • Malawi+265
  • Malaysia+60
  • Maldives+960
  • Mali+223
  • Malta+356
  • Marshall Islands+692
  • Martinique+596
  • Mauritania (‫موريتانيا‬‎)+222
  • Mauritius (Moris)+230
  • Mayotte+262
  • Mexico (México)+52
  • Micronesia+691
  • Moldova (Republica Moldova)+373
  • Monaco+377
  • Mongolia (Монгол)+976
  • Montenegro (Crna Gora)+382
  • Montserrat+1
  • Morocco (‫المغرب‬‎)+212
  • Mozambique (Moçambique)+258
  • Myanmar (Burma) (မြန်မာ)+95
  • Namibia (Namibië)+264
  • Nauru+674
  • Nepal (नेपाल)+977
  • Netherlands (Nederland)+31
  • New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie)+687
  • New Zealand+64
  • Nicaragua+505
  • Niger (Nijar)+227
  • Nigeria+234
  • Niue+683
  • Norfolk Island+672
  • North Korea (조선 민주주의 인민 공화국)+850
  • Northern Mariana Islands+1
  • Norway (Norge)+47
  • Oman (‫عُمان‬‎)+968
  • Palau+680
  • Palestine (‫فلسطين‬‎)+970
  • Panama (Panamá)+507
  • Papua New Guinea+675
  • Paraguay+595
  • Peru (Perú)+51
  • Philippines+63
  • Poland (Polska)+48
  • Portugal+351
  • Puerto Rico+1
  • Qatar (‫قطر‬‎)+974
  • Réunion (La Réunion)+262
  • Romania (România)+40
  • Russia (Россия)+7
  • Rwanda+250
  • Saint Barthélemy+590
  • Saint Helena+290
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis+1
  • Saint Lucia+1
  • Saint Martin (Saint-Martin (partie française))+590
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon)+508
  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines+1
  • Samoa+685
  • San Marino+378
  • São Tomé and Príncipe (São Tomé e Príncipe)+239
  • Saudi Arabia (‫المملكة العربية السعودية‬‎)+966
  • Senegal (Sénégal)+221
  • Serbia (Србија)+381
  • Seychelles+248
  • Sierra Leone+232
  • Singapore+65
  • Sint Maarten+1
  • Slovakia (Slovensko)+421
  • Slovenia (Slovenija)+386
  • Solomon Islands+677
  • Somalia (Soomaaliya)+252
  • South Africa+27
  • South Korea (대한민국)+82
  • South Sudan (‫جنوب السودان‬‎)+211
  • Spain (España)+34
  • Sri Lanka (ශ්‍රී ලංකාව)+94
  • Sudan (‫السودان‬‎)+249
  • Suriname+597
  • Svalbard and Jan Mayen+47
  • Sweden (Sverige)+46
  • Switzerland (Schweiz)+41
  • Syria (‫سوريا‬‎)+963
  • Taiwan (台灣)+886
  • Tajikistan+992
  • Tanzania+255
  • Thailand (ไทย)+66
  • Timor-Leste+670
  • Togo+228
  • Tokelau+690
  • Tonga+676
  • Trinidad and Tobago+1
  • Tunisia (‫تونس‬‎)+216
  • Turkey (Türkiye)+90
  • Turkmenistan+993
  • Turks and Caicos Islands+1
  • Tuvalu+688
  • U.S. Virgin Islands+1
  • Uganda+256
  • Ukraine (Україна)+380
  • United Arab Emirates (‫الإمارات العربية المتحدة‬‎)+971
  • United Kingdom+44
  • United States+1
  • Uruguay+598
  • Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston)+998
  • Vanuatu+678
  • Vatican City (Città del Vaticano)+39
  • Venezuela+58
  • Vietnam (Việt Nam)+84
  • Wallis and Futuna (Wallis-et-Futuna)+681
  • Western Sahara (‫الصحراء الغربية‬‎)+212
  • Yemen (‫اليمن‬‎)+967
  • Zambia+260
  • Zimbabwe+263
  • Åland Islands+358
*Get instant homework help from top tutors—just a WhatsApp message away. 24/7 support for all your academic needs!

Recently Asked robotics Questions

Expert help when you need it
  • Q1: 3.) A diaphragm pressure gauge employs four strain gauges to monitor the displacement of the diaphragm. The four active gauges form the arms of a Wheatstone bridge, in the way shown in Fig. 3.23 b (see class notes too). The gauges have a gauge factor of 2.1 and resistance 120 Q. A differential pressure applied to the diaphragm results in two of the gauges on one side of the diaphragm being subject to a tensile strain of 1.0 x 10^-5 and the two on the other side a compressive strain of 1.0 x 10^-5 . The supply voltage for the bridge is 10 V. What will be the voltage output from the bridge? (20 pts) (Answer is 0.21 mV, but you need to show the work to get to this.)See Answer
  • Q2:1. Find out the homogeneous transformation matrices to describing the pose of the Oo frame with respect to the frame 03. Assume the axes orientations at O₁, O2 and O3 any combination other than in Lecture 4 PDF file (week 4 & 5), slides 24 & 25. Consider O:(x0,0,zo), assume the values of xo and zo. Similarly, assume the O₂ and O3 axes scaling as per the xo and zo initially assumed values. Your assumptions will vary from your fellow students, if there is an intentional match both parties will receive zero marks! 0₁See Answer
  • Q3:2. This is a 3 DOF planar robot with 3 rotational joints. Derive the transformation matrix between the end-effector and the base of the robot coordinate systems. Assume the y and z axes orientations at every joint (y axis is given) and draw your assumptions in the free body diagram. Your assumptions will vary from your fellow students, if there is an intentional match both parties will receive zero marks! (a) DH (b) Three-link, nonplanar manipulator.See Answer
  • Q4:4. As shown in the following figure, it is an ABB IRB140 industrial robot. It has six DOF and all the major dimensions are given. The last three axes intersect with each other and have the common origin located at the centre of axis 5. Please derive the transformation matrix between the end-effector (6) and the base of the robot coordinates systems {0} using the homogenous transformation method. Assume the axes orientations at every joint and draw your assumptions in the free body diagram. Your assumptions will vary from your fellow students, if there is an intentional match both parties will receive zero marks! The link lengths are given in the diagram. You may use MATLAB for matrix multiplications. 670 Te 70 380 65 810 486 1092 712 352 151See Answer
  • Q5:1. For the arm with three degrees of freedom shown in the figure, please answer all the questions below: [4 marks] yo L₁ L3 8₂ a) Define all the required coordinate systems associated with each joint based on the DH method. [y-axis direction is given; you have to assume the other axes directions] (0.5 mark) b) Derive link parameters based on the answer in a). (DH method!) (0.5 marks) c) Derive the kinematic equations for ³Ho based on the answer in b). (1.5 marks) d) Solve the forward kinematics problem using the following input data: L₁ = 4, L₂ = 2, L3= 1 (m), and Ⓒ = {0₁, 0₂, 03}¹ = {——,——‚— —} assume the numerical values of the angles less than 90 degrees. (1 mark) e) Check your result in d) by sketching the robot configuration as a line diagram to represent robot links. (0.5 marks).See Answer
  • Q6:3. This is a 3 DOF spatial robot with 2 rotational joints and 1 translational joint in the reference pose. [3 marks] Yo dz Please answer the follow questions using the DH method: a) Define all the required coordinate systems associated with each joint and derive link parameters based on the DH method. [y-axis direction is given; you have to assume the other axes directions] (0.5 mark) b) Derive the transformation matrix between the end-effector and the base coordinate system ³Ho. (1.5 mark) c) Calculate the coordinates of the point C and draw the corresponding configurations based on the values of parameters and variables given: 1₁ = 12 = 13= 6, 0₁-30°, 0₂ = 60° and assume d3 (1 marks).See Answer
  • Q7:3. This is a 3 DOF spatial robot with 2 rotational joints and 1 translational joint in the reference pose. [3 marks] Yo Please answer the follow questions using the DH method: a) Define all the required coordinate systems associated with each joint and derive link parameters based on the DH method. [y-axis direction is given; you have to assume the other axes directions] (0.5 mark) b) Derive the transformation matrix between the end-effector and the base coordinate system Ho. (1.5 mark) c) Calculate the coordinates of the point C and draw the corresponding configurations based on the values of parameters and variables given: /1 = 12 = 13= 6, 01 =30°, 02 = 60° and assume d3 (1 marks).See Answer
  • Q8: In Electronics 01.6, which of the following is the Norton equivalent source current as a fraction of Is? a. 1/6 b. 1/4 c. 1/5 d. 1/7 e. 1/3See Answer
  • Q9: A 208V Y-connected synchronous motor is drawing 50 A at unity power factor from a 208Vpower system. The field current flowing under these conditions is 2.7 A. Its synchronous reactance is 1.6 N. Assume a linear open-circuit characteristic. Find V, and E, for these conditions.'A Find the torque angle ð. What is the static stability power limit under these conditions? O How much field current would be required to make the motor operate at 0.80 PF leading? What is the new torque angle in part (d)?See Answer
  • Q10: 6.) A pneumatic system is operated at a pressure of 1000 kPa. What diameter cylinder will be required to move a load requiring a force of 17 kN? (20 pts)See Answer
  • Q11: 5.) A force of 500 N is required to open a process control valve. What area of diaphragm will be needed with a diaphragm actuator to open the valve with a control gauge pressure of 70 kPa? (20 pts)See Answer
  • Q12: In El 02.02, which of the following is the capacitor voltage? Let T be the time constant.Select \text { a. } k e^{-t / \tau}+K_{1} e^{-t / \tau} \text { cos(wt) }+r \text { b. }\left(v_{C 0}-R A_{n}\right) e^{-t / \tau}+R_{A} \text { c. } v_{C 0} e^{-t / \tau}+R A_{0} \text { d. }\left(v_{C 0}-R A_{0}\right) e^{-t / T} \text { e. } v_{C 0} e^{-t / \tau}+A_{0}See Answer
  • Q13: 2.) Consider a Pt resistance sensor that requires long leads to operate. To compensate for the changes in the resistance of long leads, the sensor can be connected to a Wheatstone bridge (as R1, see picture) using long leads (1,2,3) of same dimensions and material. They will all be subject to the same change in resistance (AR) due to temperature. If we consider lead #1 in series with R3 and lead #3 in series with R1, for R1 = R3 (and hence R2 = R4),starting from the general Wheatstone bridge output expression: \mathbf{V}_{\bullet}=\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{A B}}-\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{A D}}=\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{2}}\left(\frac{\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{1}}}{\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{1}}+\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{2}}}-\frac{\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{3}}}{\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{3}}+\mathbf{R}_{\mathbf{4}}}\right) show that the Wheatstone bridge cancels the effects of temperature on the long leads. In other words, show that V. = 0 when temperature varies and affects the resistance of the long leads.See Answer
  • Q14: This is an honor system situation. In answering this question, you give your word that your answer is accurate. X = the number of classes this week Y= the number of classes this week for which you participated thoroughly (meaning you attended, had watched the video lectures beforehand, and participated in class)See Answer
  • Q15:Question 1 (10 marks) Figure Q1 shows a coordinate frame {A}. Here X is pointing out of page according to the right- hand rule. The frame {A} is rotated by 0 = -30° about into a new coordinate frame {B}. ŽA {A} Figure 01 (a) Plot a figure to schematically illustrate the coordinate frame {B} based on the illustration given in Figure Q1. (b) List formula to calculate the rotation matrix R and present the numerical result. (c) Demonstrate that the R matrix is orthonormal by calculation. (d) A position vector is expressed in {A} as ^P = [012]. Calculate its position in {B}, i.e., BP. (e) A position vector is expressed in {B} as BP = [012]. Calculate its position in {A}, i.e., AP. (f) Calculate determinant of R, i.e., R.See Answer
  • Q16:Question 3 (10 marks) A coordinate frame {B} is located at the base of a robot manipulator. Frame {C} describes the position and orientation of a depth camera that was originally coincident with {B} then translated - 1 unit in g, translated 2 units in Pg, translated 3 units in 2g; the resulting frame is denoted by {C'}. The frame is then rotated about & by 45° into a new frame {C"}. The final transform is rotated about fe by -45° into the frame {C}. The camera detects an object having coordinates P = [1.0 1.0 1.01. (a) Determine PCORG (b) Formulate the homogeneous transformation T. (c) Calculate the object coordinates in frame (B), i.e., BP. You can use hand calculation or computer calculation (by PYTHON or MATLAB). Please provide your source code if you use computer calculation.See Answer
  • Q17:Question 5 (16 marks) Consider a typical arm two-link kinematic chain shown in Figure Q5. The first joint is a revolute joint. The second joint is a prismatic joint; it moves in a direction normal to the axis of the first joint. The frames are assigned as shown in the figure. SINGAPORS UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (US) CAS401 (d) (c) End Effector- 2 Joint 1 V 100 Figure O (2) Determine the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) parameters, and list the results in the table. 8₁ Table (5 d₂ Page 110 Tutor-Marked ment Joint 2 Describe how you obtained a, and 8, in the table. Appraise the assignment of Frame (1) shown in the figure. Appraise the assignment of Frame (2) shown in the figure. Formulate the kinematic equations for T If the coordinates of the end effect in Frame (0) is given in "P- [x y 0]", analyse the inverse kinematic problem to obtain the control parameter d in terms of the coordinatesSee Answer
  • Q18:Problem 6 (17 marks) Consider an RPR plannar robot shown in Figure Q6. The robotic system has three-degrees of freedom; the joint variables are 8,, d, and 8. It is noted that the dimension L₁ is fixed and the dimension d, is used to denote the movement of prismatic Joint 2. For kinematic analysis, Frame (0) is the base frame; the base coordinate system ŽŸŻ, is shown SINGAPORS UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (USS) EAS401 (b) in the figure with the 2, axis pointing out of the paper. Frame (3) is located at the axis of Joint 3 which is the wrist of this robotic system. d₂ Figure 06 Assign link frames to the robot arm. Appraise the consideration(s) in assigning frame (2). Obtain the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) parameters from kinematic analysis. List your results in the following table. IT- Table 06 Tutor-Marked Assignment Formulate the transformation that relates frame (3) to frame (0), i.c. T. 0 0 Page 10 [fo -500x3 C0y Analyse inverse kinematics to obtain relations for joint variables in terms of known position and orientation of the origin of frame (3) d₂ 0 10 0 01See Answer
  • Q19:Question 7 (25 marks) Recent developments in robotics and related technologies such as artificial intelligence, computer vision, internet of things and 5G communication have strongly motivated robot applications. In Singapore, the commercialised applications and the pilot projects are transforming the economy and improving lives. The nation's interest in robotics is part of its effort to become a knowledge-based, innovative, and smart nation. The local aerospace companies are aggressively looking for robotics and automation engineers to seize new growth opportunities in digital services, autonomous technologies and sustainability [1]. Various robotics technologies are being adopted and developed in the aerospace industry to enhance its competitiveness as a global aircraft MRO provider. A common trend is to develop new technologies in a robot arm platform to increase automation [2]. In addition to the traditional applications of robot arms, several recent examples of the robot applications in the industry and society are Drone for air delivery [3, 4] • Drone for aircraft inspection [5] • Drone for building inspection [6] • Autonomous vehicle for last-mile delivery [7,8] • Autonomous vehicle for surveillance [9] • Self-driving vehicle for urban transportation [10, 11, 12] • Indoor mobile robot for service [13] • Quadruped robot for surveillance and service [14. 15] • • Robot arm for coffee maker [16, 17] Unmanned cashless store powered by AI and robotics [18] Robot arm equipped with payload for aircraft engine inspection [19] Quadruped robot for surveillance [20] Quadruped robot for MRT train inspection [21] Robotics will profoundly reshape our society in the years ahead. With the development of new technologies, novel robotic systems will assist human beings, typically by performing a job that is dirty, tedious, distant, dangerous or repetitive. In this open-ended question, you are required to apply the knowledge from EAS401, literature review, and your working experience to study technical aspects in the development of a robotic system for an industrial or social application. This system can be related to your job roles, daily life, a start-up plan, or a personal interest. It can be your motivation to contribute to society. In this question, you are required to present a proposal to design the robotic system. In TMA02, you will be further required to present some thoughts on how you can take advantage of Webots to develop a prototype of your proposal. The requirements of this question are listed below: • Identify the robotic system and the targeted application for your study. Present a title (topic) to indicate your proposed system and targeted application. The length of title should be within 30 words, for example, Development of a Robotic System for Aircraft/nIn this question, you are required to present a proposal to design the robotic system. In TMA02, you will be further required to present some thoughts on how you can take advantage of Webots to develop a prototype of your proposal. The requirements of this question are listed below: • Identify the robotic system and the targeted application for your study. Present a title (topic) to indicate your proposed system and targeted application. The length of title should be within 30 words, for example, Development of a Robotic System for Aircraft SINGAPORE UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SUSS) EAS401 Page 8 of 10 Tutor-Marked Assignment 01 Engine Inspection in Maintenance, Proposal of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for Autonomous Flight in Building Façade Inspection. • Conduct a literature review to examine emerging robotics technologies and application cases related to your study, present a design by word description and schematic illustrations, appraise the technologies employed to develop the robotic system. • A typical robotic system consists of kinematic mechanism, actuation system, perception system, computing system, communication system, power supply system, computing codes including control algorithms, and payload. Your design should consider the essential parts of the system. • In your presentation, you can assume background of targeted readers, e.g., a senior management team in your company, a government funding agency, an investor from venture capital, or your course lecturer. • Limit the maximum length of this section to 1500 words. • You are required to cite the references in your study. Direct adoption of contents from an open resource or an Al generative resource is strictly prohibited.See Answer
  • Q20:● Detail the solutions steps to get full marks, assume coordinate axes and numerical values of the given variables independently so that there is no intentional match between the solutions of two students, otherwise, both students will receive 'o' marks. • You need to define coordinate systems and all the parameters precisely so that there is no ambiguity in interpreting your answers. 1. For the arm with three degrees of freedom shown in the figure, please answer all the questions below: [4 marks] Yo 0₁ L₁ L3 12 0₂ 0₂ a) Define all the required coordinate systems associated with each joint based on the DH method. [y-axis direction is given; you have to assume the other axes directions] (0.5 mark) b) Derive link parameters based on the answer in a). (DH method!) (0.5 marks) c) Derive the kinematic equations for ³H, based on the answer in b). (1.5 marks) d) Solve the forward kinematics problem using the following input data: L₁ = 4, L2= 2, L3= 1 (m), and Ⓒ = {0₁, 0₂, 03} = {-----} assume the numerical values of the angles less than 90 degrees. (1 mark) e) Check your result in d) by sketching the robot configuration as a line diagram to represent robot links. (0.5 marks).See Answer

TutorBin Testimonials

I found TutorBin Robotics homework help when I was struggling with complex concepts. Experts provided step-wise explanations and examples to help me understand concepts clearly.

Rick Jordon

5

TutorBin experts resolve your doubts without making you wait for long. Their experts are responsive & available 24/7 whenever you need Robotics subject guidance.

Andrea Jacobs

5

I trust TutorBin for assisting me in completing Robotics assignments with quality and 100% accuracy. Experts are polite, listen to my problems, and have extensive experience in their domain.

Lilian King

5

I got my Robotics homework done on time. My assignment is proofread and edited by professionals. Got zero plagiarism as experts developed my assignment from scratch. Feel relieved and super excited.

Joey Dip

5

TutorBin helping students around the globe

TutorBin believes that distance should never be a barrier to learning. Over 500000+ orders and 100000+ happy customers explain TutorBin has become the name that keeps learning fun in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, Singapore, and UAE.