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Material Science Homework Help From The Top Materials Science Tutor!

Materials science is an interdisciplinary field that provides an understanding of the underlying structure & properties of matter. This subject also incorporates the study of the application of materials and their performance. This subject applies the laws of physics, chemistry, and mathematics to study material concepts such as structures, behaviors, and characteristics. Studying such subjects requires proper guidance from experts. The reason students are nowadays opting for Material Science homework help.


 

For pupils to grasp this topic alone becomes highly intimidating. Students frequently struggle with the complexity of the subject and look for a reliable materials science tutor. Common searches include "Can someone give me answers to material science questions?" and "Can someone provide me materials science tutoring?" But your search is over right here. Yes, TutorBin offers the best materials science tutoring by the best materials science tutors. Follow this comprehensive blog to know more about how TutorBin aids millions of students in achieving their dreams.

Material Science Homework Help @ TutorBin



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Thermodynamics of materials   Expert tutors
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Mechanics100% original and accurate answers

Subjects Our Material Science Tutor Cover!


It is one of the most interdisciplinary subjects that combines knowledge of physics, thermodynamics, material science, fluids, mechanics, experimental chemistry, and MATLAB. Check the list of the topics that our materials science tutor covers.

Thermodynamics of materials: The thermodynamics of materials is one of the most crucial issues in the material sciences and engineering field. The topic of material thermodynamics conveys very fundamental equations created by the materials and the creation of their structure. Because it covers all the essential information that will pave the road for their engineering careers throughout their lives, this subject is truly the foundation of the material science and engineering department.

This subject is about studying the fundamental terms presented to you, understanding the structure of every piece of information down to its smallest unit, and then learning to connect those pieces using mathematical equations or theorems. 

EPM: Electromagnetic Properties of Materials is EPM. It is appropriate for achieving a good GPA because it primarily consists of the theory portion. Although it is a simple subject to score well on, its importance is on par with that of the other concepts. Ferro and Electro are the two main magnetism-related topics in the Material Sciences.

Mechanics: The subject's name speaks for itself; it depends on how well a student understands the varied mechanics of various materials available worldwide. The majority of mechanical engineering comprises this subject.

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  • Order placement: This is the first step in getting homework help from a material science tutor. Login to our website or use our app to post your question there. Describe your homework in full, provide any particular needs or instructions to follow, and let us know when it is due.


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  • Our representative will get in touch with you with a price quotation after we know your required files and thoroughly understand your specific instructions. We always try our best to provide you with a reasonable price quotation.

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Recently Asked Material Science Questions

Expert help when you need it
  • Q1:MSE2160 Problem Set 5 Chapters 8 and 9: Deformation and Failure, due electronically via Canvas on Wednesday, March 20th 1. (a) Show, for a tensile test, that %CW = 1+€ € * 100 if there is no change in specimen volume during the deformation process (i.e., Aolo = Adla). (b) Using the result of part a, compute the percent cold work experienced by naval brass (the stress-strain behavior of which is shown below) when a stress of 400 MPa is applied. 500 70 Tensile strength 450 MPa (65,000 psi) 60 400 A 103 psi 50 Stress (MPa) 300 MPa 40 Stress (103 psi) 40 30 200 Yield strength 30 200 20 250 MPa (36,000 psi) 100 20 10 1 100 1 10 1 0 0.005 0 0 0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 Strain 2. The average grain diameter for a brass material was measured as a function of time at 650 ℃ and data was collected. After 30 minutes, the grain size was 3.9x10-2 mm and after 90 minutes the grain size was 6.6x10-2 mm. a. What was the initial grain size? b. What is the grain size after 150 minutes? c. If the initial yield strength is 160 MPa and the coefficient ky is 12 MPa-mm1/2, what are the yield strengths after 30, 90, and 150 minutes? d. If we wait a very long time at 650 ℃, what will be the yield strength of this brass material?See Answer
  • Q2:1. A 1.5-kg specimen of a 90 wt% Pb-10 wt% Sn alloy is heated to 250 °C (480 F), at which temperature it is entirely an a-phase solid solution (Figure 10.7). The alloy is to be melted to the extent that 50% of the specimen is liquid, the remainder being the a-phase. This may be accomplished either by heating the alloy or changing its composition while holding the temperature constant. a. To what temperature must the specimen be heated? b. How much tin must be added to the 1.5-kg specimen at 250 ℃ to achieve this state? 327°C 300 Liquid 500 232℃ a +L Temperature [°C] 200 B + 1 Temperature ["F] 183ºC 400 18.3 61.9 97.8 300 100 100 0 20 40 60 100 (Po) Composition (wt% Sn) (Sn)See Answer
  • Q3:/n EG-M93: 1200-Word Essay Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Objective Evaluate the role of a single element that is assigned to you (and other elements that it interacts with) in a IN713C Ni based super alloy and suggest its optimal range to enhance IN713C properties like Mar M246 with minimum changes to the cost and density. Research Objective The essay will study the effect of chemistry, including combination of elements and their ranges, on mechanical and corrosion strength in Nickel base superalloys to justify your recommendation. The quality of your thought process is assessed here. (i) Discuss the dependence of chemical compositions, either qualitatively or quantitatively, on ductility, creep strength and oxidation resistance for Ni based superalloys. Discuss the sensitivity of proportion of various alloying elements on defects and mechanical properties. (ii) Using the knowledge discovered in step (i), suggest how you would enhance/change chemistry for the IN713C alloy (in particular, the element assigned to you and other elements that it interacts with) to improve its creep strength and oxidation resistance at higher temperatures (similar to Mar M246) without affecting its density and costs. (iii) Your write-up must demonstrate clarity of various metallurgical concepts in your reasoning and discussion. Mechanical Properties Ductility at low temperature, high creep strength and high oxidation resistance in a wide temperature range Yield Strength MPa UTS MPa 1000 hour Tensile rupture Elongation % strength MPa (at 871 deg C) (at 871 deg C) (at 871 deg C) | (at 871 deg C) Cost IN 713 C 495 725 14 195 IN 738 C 550 770 11 215 IN 792 660 840 8 260 IN738 IN713C IN 100 695 885 6 260 IN718 GMR235 Mar M246 690 860 5 290 800 900 MM247 MM246 IN100 New Alloy Rene80 1000 1100 Stress Rupture Temperature @ 137MPa 100hrs https://nickelinstitute.org/media/8d93486143182f5/nickel_incopub393_updated-june-2021.pdf Table 1: Elemental composition of TW alloys Element Rene80 C 0.12 0.15 0.17 0.17 Ni 74 60 61.5 60 Mechanical Property of Turbo Wheel Alloys In713C MM246 IN738 Cost Vs. Mechanical Properties MM247 Cr 12.5 9 16 14 Co 10 8.5 9.5 Mo 4.2 2.5 1.75 4 Al 6 5.5 3.4 3 B 0.012 0.015 0.01 0.015 F Ti 0.8 1.5 3.4 5 Cost Ta 1.75 1.5 W 10.0 2.6 4 MM246 IN100 Zr 0.1 0.05 0.01 0.03 New Alloy Nb 0.9 2 IN738 IN713C Rene80 Density 7.91 8.44 8.11 8.16 3 IN718 GMR235 g/m³ y' solvus 1180 1180 1160 1150 800 900 1000 YC 1100 W increase density High Cr, Co and zirconium content improves Oxidation resistance but can reduce mechanical properties Stress Rupture Temperature @ 137MPa 100hrs Development of a new alloy will depend on the future demand of turbocharger applications Low density to minimise turbo lag High temperature capability up to 1000°C Low cycle fatigue (LCF) capability to meet high rotational speed of the turbo . Alloy cost Oxidation/corrosion/n· You will be asked to write about one element in the Gamma Strengtheners: Co, Re, Ru paper. • Gamma Strengtheners & Carbide Formers: Mo, Cr, W • Gamma Prime Strengtheners including Carbide Formers: Al, Ti, Nb, Ta • Grain Boundary Strengtheners: B, C, Zr • Miscellaneous: V, Hf, Y/n EG-M93: Metallurgy and Alloy Design Q1: Question (40 marks) Write a 1200-word essay (excluding references) to evaluate the role of a single element that is assigned to you (and other elements that it interacts with) in a IN713C Ni based superalloy and suggesting its optimal range to enhance IN713C properties (ductility, creep strength and oxidation resistance) like Mar M246 with minimum changes to the cost and density. The essay will study the effect of chemistry, including combination of elements and their ranges, on mechanical and corrosion strength in Nickel base superalloys to justify your recommendation. The quality of your thought process is assessed here. (i) (ii) (iii) Discuss the dependence of chemical compositions, either qualitatively or quantitatively, on ductility, creep strength and oxidation resistance for Ni based superalloys. Discuss the sensitivity of proportion of various alloying elements on defects and mechanical properties. Using the knowledge discovered in step (i), suggest how you would enhance/change chemistry for the IN713C alloy (in particular, the element assigned to you and other elements that it interacts with) to improve its creep strength and oxidation resistance at higher temperatures (like Mar M246) without affecting its density and costs. Your write-up must demonstrate clarity of various metallurgical concepts in your reasoning and discussion. The criteria for assessing the essay are given in the "Marking scheme for the 1200-word essay.pdf" file. Note that Turnitin will compare your essay with all previously submitted essays and papers available in the literature including internet. Every sentence in this essay must be your own. You need to assume that every academic misconduct case will be reported and dealt as per university regulations'. Format: 11 point, Times New Roman font setting, single column format. Margins: Left, right, top and bottom - at least 1.5 cm Guidelines on writing the report: Please make sure that your report is interesting to read than just a collection of references in the form of a bibliography. See the marking scheme. The 1200-word limit translates to approximately 250 words for Introduction, 800 words for the Main body text and 150 words for the Conclusion and the Recommendation. Introduction: include the following information in the first introduction paragraph for your given element: crystal structure, melting point, solubility in FCC Ni, cost and density in comparison to Ni. Why it is considered in super alloys (its role in creep, fatigue, stress rupture properties as well as oxidation and hot corrosion resistance.). The overall range used in the superalloy literature and compare with the range used for IN713C, IN738C, IN792, Rene80, IN100 and Mar M246. Main body text should contain reflective discussion on the literature review. Each paragraph should have two to four independent references that supports your thought process/arguments. Be quantitative in your discussion. Remember that the figure space allowed is only half of one column per element. References must be included but they do not count towards the 1200 word limit. Your papers must reflect state of the art knowledge. You should also include interaction of your element with other elements to let the reader know what to look for if the range of your element is changed. In the text you must not cite two or more references together at the end of any sentence. You need to comment on each paper, individually, and compare/contrast findings with another paper. Hence, there will be a separate sentence for each paper. Your overall conclusions must be based on such comparisons. Try to be quantitative wherever possible i.e., give specific ranges for each element. You would always want to compare it with the IN713C alloy composition. Most importantly, remember that I don't want you to define specialist metallurgical jargon or buzz words but demonstrate in your writing that you understand what the jargon or buzz words means. I don't want copy paste sentences from papers. It should be a convincing story in your own words supported by literature and you are developing quantitative opinions by evaluating contrasting/conflicting evidence. Paragraphs should contain a complete thought within a larger structure. Each paragraph is set apart by a distinct thesis sentence with supporting statements that either precedes or follows the sentence. Paragraph length is determined by the number of supporting sentences used to clarify the topic in a concise progression of thought. Each paragraph has a theme, and it conveys an argument. An argument may have two sides. Other authors may have different experience or point of view. This is clearly identified and put together in a logical and easy to understand way. Corroboration with other sources is always done. Only one reference cited at a time and three or more unique and credible references are cited per paragraph. At least one relevant example is given from a peer reviewed paper and is well justified in the text All figures and tables should also be numbered in sequence (e.g., Figure 1 etc.) and each should have a caption (and a reference, if necessary). Equations should be numbered (1), (2) etc. The text of your thesis should be written in the third person narrative form in most cases. For example, use "he" not "I" and "they" not "we." Use past tense for the purpose of style and ease of reading as well as formality. (http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/tips/thesis/) The use of subheads within a paper serves to highlight major points while adding a firm structure to the text and makes the paper more inviting to the reader's eye. Except for dimensions, numbers from one (1) to nine (9) that appear within the text of papers are to be spelled. Double digits appear numerically written thereafter. Conclusion: Conclusions must be in the bullet point format, quantitative in nature and originate from your reflective discussions. They can be generic for super alloys. Recommendation: Identify your recommendation and suggested range for your element to improve IN713C properties by reflecting on costs in comparison to Mar M246. REFERENCES Use the Vancouver referencing system¹. References should have the following elements: author(s); year of publication; title; and source (i.e., publisher and place of publication in the case of books and reports only). Book titles are underlined; titles of articles are enclosed with double quotation marks; journal titles are underlined. The journal title is followed by the volume number, then the number within the volume (or the month or season, depending upon the journal's style), and then the page numbers. You can use the DOI link. Internet reference: www.swansea.ac.uk Last accessed on 1st October 2010. https://myuni.swansea.ac.uk/academic-life/academic-regulations/assessment-and-progress/academic- misconduct-procedure/#penalties-available-to-the-committee-of-enquiry-in-cases-of-academic-misconduct-in- non-examination-conditions-is-expanded&to-36-academic-misconduct-in-non-examination-conditions=is- expanded ¹ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver systemSee Answer
  • Q4:/n/n/n/n Engineering Materials MECH1280 PFi Laboratory 2 telegraph.co.uk Lab Design Brief • A new local mini go-karting company are building a make-shift outdoor track for kids (aged between 7- 10 years). They need a safety barrier around the track perimeter that is 10 metres away from the track. The barrier would need to be able to absorb energy from an impacting kart, must withstand loads of up to 1 kN before failure and impact speeds of up to 10 km/h. Each barrier section must be no higher than 0.5 m and 1 m in length. The company would like to know what the most suitable material is for their application. Note: that this is a commercial company that wants to appeal to as many customers as possible. Plywood Testing Materials Carbon fibre/foam sandwich panel Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF) Material Information Material Density, E G V Tensile Economic P strength cost Plywood 500-600 ? kg/m³ ? 0.25 ? ₤10/m² Carbon fibre-foam panel unknown ? ? unknown? £204/ m² Medium density 700-800 ? ? 0.25 ? £17.5/ m² fibreboard kg/m³ (MDF) Note: R not constant! Three Point Bending F I = bd³ d 12 L/2 R L F δ == FL³ 48EI S 3FL Ofs = 2bd2 ↑ ↑Y वाम Neutral axis ------ Ef = 6d8 L²/nSee Answer
  • Q5:you need to provide typed document as a doc of this/n • Prove that: The volumetric strain e (change in volume/unit volume) equal to e = εx + εy + ε₂ = 10x + ay + σ₂-2v (ax +ay + a:)] (1.53) e = Ex + Ey + Ez Sub Stituting for Ex, Ey and Ez Using those can's. Ex = ± [6x -v (6y+6z)] Ex: + [64 -V (6x +62)] E = = = ( Oz - ~ (6x + Gy)] 6x-v (6y+62) 6y-v (6x-62) 6t-v(6x-6) 6x +бy +62-2v 6y-2V 62 - 2V6x Ⓒ = = [ 6x + 6x + 6z -2V (6x+6y+6z) P.1.8 Show that the compatibility equation for the case of plane strain, viz. 2²¼xy 2²εy 2²εx + ax ay ar2 ay2 may be expressed in terms of direct stresses σ, and σ, in the form Ex = — (0x-voy) Ej. — (oy-vox) (+)+)-0 2) (ax + ay) = 0 Yey = (xy = 2 (1+0) TxJ E The compatibility condition for Plane Strain is 33YxJ axay Now we Subtitute, we got = ชัย ax² oya 2C1+v) = 8 оходу = 8 (6g - vox ) + 0, (6x-very) Assume that the body Forces Xey are Zovo 86 =06 PJ After differentiating we got. ajax Sj = 0 -(1+v) (x + 1) = (6-Vox) + (x-Vary) Substituting So that = -(IP) 13) - 6718-(1) Which Simplifies to aya (+) (+) = 0 8See Answer
  • Q6:2. A component made from A27 cast steel was inspected and found to have a quarter-circular corner crack with a radius of 0.1 in. The fracture toughness for this steel at the operating temperature (75°F) is about 220 ksiin. Using the da/dN versus AK curve shown below for zero- to-maximum loading (R = 0), with Paris parameters given, determine the number of cycles to fast fracture if the applied stress range is AS, = 50 ksi (zero-to-maximum tension loading, R = 0). Assume that the crack size is negligibly small compared to the thickness throughout the life of the component to enable analytical integration of the crack growth relationship. You can use these K solutions from the Dowling textbook (2nd Ed.): Call P P de 1 - 0637 6728 6M F 6712 + 124 78 Now: "Diff onion or bending, respectively. Figure 6.17 Stress interality factors for alan embedded circular crack under un quarter-dicular comer crack, and id half-circular surface crack in a shatt, where the latter If the operating temperature is instead O'F, then the fracture toughness is reduced to 120 ksi in Determine the number of cycles to failure in this case. Assume that the crack growth rate is not affected by temperature. Comment on the impact of this lower temperature on the fatigue life. 10 Crock Growth Rate, inches/cycle 10 ON G+1.6710 Test Tema 75°F Specimen Type 1. CTS 10 10 20 30 40 50 70 90 150 200 60 80 100 Stress intensity Renge, ak, ki F3.15See Answer
  • Q7:1. A plate fatigue test specimen made from 7005-T53 aluminum contains a semi-circular surface crack (a/c = 1) and is subjected to R = 0.1 uniaxial loading with a stress range, AS,, of 250 MPa. You can use the K solutions from the Dowling textbook (2nd Ed.) provided below. You can also assume that the crack size is negligibly small compared to the thickness (t) and width (b) and the shape remains semi-circular throughout the life of the test specimen to enable analytical integration of the crack growth relationship. ж K-15/1 Case & $ F for small a Limits for £:10% on F P (a) -0.637 - 05 AM л 75 P 3M (b) 0.728 2b <04.03 P 6M (c) 0.722 지 035, 02 4P 32M (d) 0.728 <0.2 or 0.35 Note: 'Different limits for tension or bending, respectively. Figure 8.17 Stress intensity factors for (a) an embedded circular crack under uniform tension normal to the crack plane, and related cases: (b) half-circular surface crack, (c) quarter-circular corner crack, and (d) half-circular surface crack in a shaft, where the latter is more precisely a portion of a circular are with center on the surface. (Based on [Newman 86] and [Raju 86]) The following crack growth data were obtained in laboratory air environment. Using these data: (a) Plot crack length, a (mm), versus cycles, N. (b) Plot da/dN versus AK. Identify the three regions of crack growth. (c) Determine the Paris equation constants, C and m, for the linear region of crack growth. N (cycles) a (mm) da/dN (mm) 95,000 0.244 100,000 0.246 7.00 x 10-7 105,000 0.251 3.920 x 10-6 110,000 0.285 9.665 x 10-6 115,000 0.347 1.053 x 10-5 125,000 0.414 1.230 x 10- 130,000 0.490 2.063 x 10-5 135,000 0.621 4.661 x 10-5 140,000 0.956 9.565 x 10-5 145,000 1.577 3.964 x 10 147,000 2.588 1.105 x 10-³ 147,400 3.078 1.554 x 10- 147,500 3.241 8.758 x 10- 147,500 3.445See Answer
  • Q8: EG-M93 Metallurgy and Alloy Design Why should design engineers and metallurgist be worried about segregation, constitutional undercooling and the Hume-Rothery rules? Write a 1000-word essay (excluding references) to discuss the relevance of segregation, constitutional undercooling and the Hume-Rothery rules to mechanical properties of Nickel based alloys. You may also use one or more examples of other non-ferrous alloys to support your discussion. This assignment is worth 25% of the module (25 marks). The criteria for assessing the essay are included at the end of this document. Note that Turnitin will compare your essay with all previously submitted essays and papers available in the literature including internet. Every sentence in this essay must be your own. You need to assume that every academic misconduct case will be reported and dealt as per university regulations'. Format: 11 point, Times New Roman font setting, single column format. Margins: Left, right, top and bottom at least 1.5 cm You must include the word count after the last line of the essay and not exceed the 1000-word limit. Your essay is a story that links the following topics together. See the marking scheme. You are not expected to simply answer the following questions but demonstrate that you understand the knowledge, relate it to the crystal structures of the referenced elements, explain it in your words and provide examples of how insights are applied in practice via research papers. Explain ways in which a eutectic phase resulting from segregation would alter the expected behaviour of the alloy by citing peer reviewed journal papers. Use terms Micro, Macro and Dendritic¹ segregation terms demonstrating your understanding. What is the effect of alloying elements²,³? How do they relate with the partition coefficient 'k'? Explain dendrite fragmentation, its role in the nucleation process and multiplication process and discuss how columnar to equi-axed transition occurs in 1 https://www.phase-trans.msm.cam.ac.uk/2014/segregation.pdf 2 See "Segregation of elements in Nickel based superalloys" paper on Canvas 3 See Segregation behaviour of alloying elements in different oriented single crystal nickel" paper on Canvas Page 1 of 4 castings. Discuss if there is any evidence in journal papers whether segregation, natural convection in the inter-dendritic flow is related to constitutional undercooling Illustrate your understanding of constitutional undercooling and its relevance in developing a planar, cellular to dendritic transition for the solid-liquid interface 5, 6. How does the constitutional undercooling relate to partition coefficients and why the knowledge of partition coefficients for various alloy elements is important in predicting dendritic solidification and subsequent mechanical properties? Include discussion on the effect of primary and secondary dendrite arm spacing and solidification time on mechanical properties with references to published peer reviewed literature. Discuss its relevance to current research papers7,8. Discuss the formation of substitutional and interstitial solid solution and intermetallic compounds with reference to Hume-Rothery rules for solid solutions in binary alloys. Explain the limitations of Hume- Rothery rules when applied to multicomponent and high entropy alloys9,1 O 10 11 12 Use additional references and citations. REFERENCES Use the Vancouver referencing system 13. References should have the following elements: author(s); year of publication; title; and source (i.e., publisher and place of publication in the case of books and reports only). Book titles are underlined; titles of articles are enclosed with double quotation marks; journal titles are underlined. The journal title is followed by the volume number, then the number within the volume (or the month or season, depending upon the journal's style), and then the page numbers. You can use the DOI link. Internet reference: www.swansea.ac.uk Last accessed on 1st October 2010. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232016000_Segregation_and_grain_refinement_in_cast_titanium _alloys See "Solidification velocity of undercooled Ni-Cu alloys" paper on Canvas 6 See "Seeding of Single-Crystal Superalloys" paper on Canvas 7 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/23/5517 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82713-3 9 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-015-1594-2 10 https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/302358579.pdf 11 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp908415y 12 See "Compositional approach to designing FCC high-entropy alloys" paper on Canvas 13 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_system Page 2 of 4 Criteria for assessing the 25% 1000-word essay. Conceptual Clarity Each paragraph has a theme and it conveys an argument. An argument may have two sides. Other authors may have different experience or point of view. This is clearly identified and put together in a logical and easy to understand way. Corroboration with other sources is always done. Only one reference cited at a time and three or more unique and credible references are cited per paragraph. At least one relevant example is given from a peer reviewed paper and is well justified in the text. The language used is clear and grammatically correct and written in student's own words. Schematic diagrams used (either handwritten with image capture or drawn using computer based packages) are easy to read and used to support the discussion. The use of figures is appropriate, properly explained and add significant value to the report. Paragraphs are connected well to develop a logical story. The answer has a structure with introduction on how information is laid out and the purpose of the essay is followed by discussion and conclusion. Instead of discussing different topics separately, discussion focuses on how they connect together to explain a claim/fact/observation found in a research paper. The discussion is written in a way that it is clear to see how it has led to an informed decision leading to the conclusion and recommendations. The question is answered fully. It is clear that the student has listened to the recorded zoom lecture and understood the concepts on power point lecture slides. All information is relevant and necessary to answer the question. Citations are given in the reference section on the following page. Citations and the title text do not contribute towards the 1000-word limit. The 1000- word limit must be met. The total number of words is included at the end of the essay. Depth and Breadth Discussion is scientific and demonstrates conceptual clarity of fundamental metallurgical knowledge. Clear evidence that the student has researched the topic around the question. Concepts are described in student's own words, rather than textbook definitions, with reference to composition at the crystal structure level, relating partition coefficients to constitutional undercooling and segregation. In other words, segregation is described at the crystal structure level and linked with constitutional undercooling, partition coefficient and solid solubility rules with examples from peer reviewed published research papers. Rating All criteria are satisfied and exceeded [13-15] All criteria met and some exceeded [10-12] All criteria met [8-9] Additional work necessary to meet at least one criterion [6-7] Two or more criteria not met [0-5]. All criteria are satisfied and exceeded [8-10] All criteria met and some exceeded [7-8] All criteria met [6-7] Additional work necessary to meet at least one criterion [5-6] Page 3 of 4 Explains the context and experimental conditions used when citing other work. There is qualitative and quantitative discussion on the effect of segregation, constitutive undercooling and solid solubility analysis on improvement/deterioration of properties throughout the text. The authenticity is always cross checked with other sources and if it is not possible uncertainty is quantified suggesting the need of further research. Effect of alloying elements and Interactions is discussed in the context of its impact on properties. Two or more criteria not met [0-5]. https://myuni.swansea.ac.uk/academic-life/academic-regulations/assessment-and-progress/academic- misconduct-procedure/#penalties-available-to-the-committee-of-enquiry-in-cases-of-academic-misconduct-in- non-examination-conditions-is-expanded&to-36-academic-misconduct-in-non-examination-conditions-is- expanded Page 4 of 4See Answer
  • Q9: MATS 322 Homework #2 Due February 16th at 11:59 pm (Submit PDF through Canvas-Gradescope) Name: Student ID #: Q1. (5 pts) Describe the step-by-step process for the hardness experiments with copper (weeks 3 & 4). Q2. (5 pts) What is the purpose of pre-annealing the copper bars at 600°C for 1 hour? Q3. (5 pts) Describe the various types of hardness testing techniques used in material testing and explain the significance of Rockwell scale F in measuring the hardness of copper. Q4. (5 pts) What is the purpose of applying a small pre-load before applying the main load in the Rockwell hardness test? Q5. (5+5=10 pts) Why does cold working change the hardness? To explain this, describe how cold working changes the internal structure of the Cu bar. Then, describe how those changes in structure affect the hardness. Q6. (5 pts) Show the calculation for finding the actual percent cold work using the posted data for the 25% cold work target value. Q7. (10 pts) Use the posted hardness data, create a 2D scatter plot between the actual percent cold work (%CW) vs. average hardness. Your plot should have nine points including 8 different amounts of cold working as well as a point for a Cu bar that has no cold work (0%CW). Each point should have vertical error bars showing the standard deviation of the hardness measurements. The error bars will be different for each point, since they come from three hardness test per %CW. For full credit, your plot should include axis labels with units, a figure number, and an explanatory caption. Use straight-line segments to connect the points rather than using a non-physical fitted function, e.g. a spline or polynomial fit generated by the graphing software you are using, where the variables do not have a physical interpretation. Q8. (5 pts) Regarding the plots you made in Q7, briefly describe two trends you can find in the relationship between cold work and hardness. Q9. (15 pts) Plot a 3D surface plot using Matlab or Excel (or any other plotting program) of Rockwell hardness test F values after annealing (in the z-axis) vs. actual %CW vs. Annealing Temperature (6 temperatures) (in x- and y-axes). You are not required to include 0%CW, because we did not anneal any bars with 0%CW. You are not required to include error bars. Include axis labels with units. Include a figure number with a descriptive caption. Q10. (5 pts) Referring to the 3D plot in Q9, describe the effect of %CW on hardness. Q11. (5+5 = 10 pts) Briefly describe the effect of annealing temperature on hardness. Why does annealing have this effect? (Describe both the driving force and the physical mechanism for the change in hardness with annealing). Q12. (5+5=10 pts) Briefly describe the effect of annealing temperature on hardness with the change in CW%. What change do you see in recrystallization temperatures?See Answer
  • Q10:1. A thin wire of silver (Z=47, A = 107.87, face-centered-cubic, density = 10.49 g/cm³) is measured at 15 m long and 0.025 m in diameter and has an electrical resistance of 0.05 Q. Assume that each Agatom contributes three conduction electrons to the metal. (a) What is the concentration of conduction electrons in Ag (number/m³)? (b) What is the mean free time between collisions for the electrons in Ag (in s)? (c) What is the drift velocity of electrons if an 8 V/m electric field is applied? (d) Calculate the current density in the wire (in A/m²) from the applied electric field in part (c).See Answer
  • Q11:2. A wide sheet of steel contains a semi-circular edge notch (K, = 3.0) with a radius of 0.5 in. Determine the transition crack length, &,, for this geometry using both the Dowling and Smith- Miller approximations. Estimate the crack propagation life, Np, of the plate at a zero-to- maximum (R = 0) nominal stress loading of 0 to 40 ksi. Compare the predicted lives found using the two estimates for transition crack length. How do these values compare to a life estimate using the approximation that the initial crack length is equal to the depth of the notch? For all calculations use a value of 1.58 in. for the final crack length, af. The Paris crack growth parameters of this steel are C = 2.96 × 109 and m = 2.385 (for these parameters, unit on da/dN is in/cycle and on AK is ksi in 1/2).See Answer
  • Q12:1. A notched plate with a net section stress concentration factor, K+, of 3 has the following material properties: E = 200 GPa, H' = 1400 MPa, n' = 0.14. (a) Using the Neuber relationship, determine the nominal net section stress, S, that results in a notch root stress of 600 MPa, (b) Verify the assumption that the nominal net section stress/strain remains elastic for this notch root stress value.See Answer
  • Q13: MSE2160 Problem Set 5 Chapters 8 and 9: Deformation and Failure, due electronically via Canvas on Wednesday, March 20th 1. (a) Show, for a tensile test, that %CW = (+++) * 100 if there is no change in specimen volume during the deformation process (i.e., Aolo = Aala). (b) Using the result of part a, compute the percent cold work experienced by naval brass (the stress-strain behavior of which is shown below) when a stress of 400 MPa is applied. Stress (MPa) 500 Tensile strength 450 MPa (65,000 psi) 400 103 psi 300 MPa 40 70 60 40 40 Stress (10³ psi) 50 30 200- 200 Yield strength 30 250 MPa (36,000 psi) 20 100 20 10 100 0 0.10 0.20 Strain 0.005 0 0.30 0.40 10 2. The average grain diameter for a brass material was measured as a function of time at 650 °C and data was collected. After 30 minutes, the grain size was 3.9x102 mm and after 90 minutes the grain size was 6.6x102 mm. a. What was the initial grain size? b. What is the grain size after 150 minutes? c. If the initial yield strength is 160 MPa and the coefficient ky is 12 MPa-mm¹², what are the yield strengths after 30, 90, and 150 minutes? d. If we wait a very long time at 650 °C, what will be the yield strength of this brass material? 3. A wing component of an aircraft is fabricated from an aluminum alloy that has a plane strain fracture toughness of 40 MPa-m1/2. It has been determined that fracture occurs at a stress of 365 MPa when the maximum internal crack length is 2.5 mm. a. Over time, it was found that cracks grow to a maximum length of 4 mm. Compute the stress level at which fracture will occur. b. If we wish to utilize this component at a stress level of 500 MPa with an engineering safety factor of 4, what will be the maximum internal crack length we can allow? 4. A tensile specimen was found to have a surface crack with a depth of 0.4 mm and radius of curvature of 0.1 mm. a. Compute the magnitude of stress at the tip of the crack when the externally applied stress σ is 100 MPa. b. If this specimen is made of an aluminum alloy with a yield strength of 345 MPa, what will happen to the crack? c. Using a factor of safety of 3, what will the radius of curvature at tip of the crack need to be in order to ensure no deformation will occur near the crack?See Answer
  • Q14:2. A shaft assembly made from 4340 steel is loaded as shown with P cycling from zero to Pmax. A 12 in. diameter disk is attached to one end of the shaft; the other end is fixed to a rigid structure. Near the rigid structure, a mild fillet at the shaft step up results in a stress concentration factor K₁ = 1.2 for the stress generated by bending; the shear stress generated by the torsion loading is not significantly affected by the stress concentration. 10 in. 6 in. 2 in. dia Properties and fatigue parameters for 4340 steel (with common aircraft heat treatment): E = 30 × 10³ ksi, σ = 160 ksi, σ = 170 ksi, σ,' = 255 ksi, b = −0.0977 (a) Determine the largest value of Pmax that may be applied to the disk for a fatigue life of 10,000 cycles for the shaft. Use the Sines' criterion as described in the SAE Fatigue Design Handbook, 3rd Ed. (excerpt posted in Handouts Folder on OneNote).See Answer
  • Q15: School of Mechanical Engineering METADATA ANALYSIS OF CORROSION INHIBITORS EFFECTIVENESS ON CARBON STEEL PIPELINE TRANSPORTING CO2 ENVIRONMENT: REVIEW RESEARCH 1 Abstract: This project study the effectiveness of the corrosion inhibitor in in wet environment where there is a present of Carbon dioxide Co2, the investigation of the effectiveness was done by collecting the data for PLR and EIS and WL test, the inhibitors was classified into 3 categories Anodic, Cathodic and Mix inhibitors, where this categories applied into the organic and Inorganic inhibitors, Net Zero goaler o reduce the Carbon dioxide in the inhibitors itself and represent the best alternative for the Inorganic inhibitors Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1Introduction 1.2 Background of the Study 1.3 Aims 1.4 Objectives 1.5 Report layout Chapter 2: Theoretical background. 2.1 Introduction .... 2.2 Theoretical background Chapter 3: Inorganic Inhibitors 3.1 Inorganic inhibitors Chapter 4: Organic Inhibitors ..... 4.1 Organic inhibitors Chapter 5: Net Zero and How It Related to The Corrosion Inhibitors 5.1 Net Zero and How It Related to The Corrosion Inhibitors..... Chapter 6: Conclusion......... 6.1 Introduction List of Tables and Figure Chapter 3: Inorganic Inhibitors .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .6 .6 .6 .11 .11 .16 16 .19 .19 .22 .22 .11 Table 1: Metadata matrix analysis for inorganic corrosion inhibition involving cathodic test. Table 2: Metadata matrix analysis for inorganic corrosion inhibition involving anodic test... Table 3: Metadata matrix analysis for inorganic corrosion inhibition involving mix test...... 11 .12 13 Table 4: Mean differences between effectiveness rate and reduction of corrosion based on inorganic corrosion inhibition..14 Figure 1 Reduction of corrosion........ ..15 Table 5: Mean differences in effectiveness rate of corrosion inhibition among cathodic, anodic, and mix typology ...........15 Chapter 4: Organic Inhibitors Chapter 6: Conclusion ........ .16 Table 5: Metadata analysis on organic inhibitors part I.. Table 6: Metadata analysis on organic inhibitors part II.. 16 .16 Table 7: Mean differences between organic inhibitor corrosion rate reduction and organic inhibitor corrosion effectiveness..17 Figure 2 Organic inhibitore corrosion effectiveness...... .17 Chapter 5: Net Zero and How It Related to The Corrosion Inhibitors 19 Table 8: Correlation analysis on the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors organic and inorganic classification...... Table 9: Factor analysis on the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors organic and inorganic classification...... Table 10: Effectiveness of inorganic and organic inhibitor corrosion towards attainment of the net zero.. Chapter 6: Conclusion .19 .19 .20 22 Table 11: Paired sample correlation evaluation on organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors in terms of best efficiency..........22 Table 12: Paired sample t-test evaluation on organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors in terms of best efficiency .22 2 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction The chapter is focused on explaining the background of the study and representing the aims and objective of the and the report layout. 1.2 Background of the Study A background analysis has been presented in this part of the research. The last thirty years have seen a significant amount of research on the CO2 rusting of mild steel, and lately there has been a lot of curiosity about the topic of rusting in supercritical carbon dioxide. Supercritical capture of carbon dioxide and increased extraction of oil are the main subjects covered in the published literature (Choi et al., 2015). These subjects frequently involve "dry" gases, meaning that water only exists in trace amounts. Although because water during formation as well as high-pressure areas directly affect pipeline steel oxidation, steel made of carbon corrodes at a very high rate (≥ 20 mm/y) at high CO2 tension (from fluid and hypercritical CO2) with no safeguarding FeCO3 rust product layers forming (Choi and Nesic, 2017). For the purpose of limiting corrosion, the pipeline must be sufficiently dried out (water removed) upstream to avoid high corrosion rates and the breaking out of free water. Drying the stream of gas in the field would be too expensive, though (Sim et al., 2017). The method of corrosion of carbon steel remains unchanged regardless of extreme CO2 pressures; hence, using inhibiting agents to reduce weathering under high CO2 pressure settings may be a viable approach. Numerous studies have examined how different inhibitors function in the CO2-saturated fluid. The most common inhibitors employed by the petroleum and natural gas sectors to prevent CO2 corrosion are those based on imidazoline. Nevertheless, the majority of these investigations used low CO2 pressure settings associated with gas and oil pipelines (Turgoose et al., 2018). Publications addressing the effectiveness of inhibiting corrosion in supercritical carbon dioxide systems under high CO2 tension settings are hard to come by. Supercritical CO2 devices were utilized to assess traditional anti-corrosion agents, including the imidazoline family, alkenylsuccinic acidic substances, and quaternary ammonium compounds. None of these substances worked completely, although they all did lower the corrosion rate (Kappes et al., 2018). At a high pressure and high temperature of 80 bar CO2 and 70 oC, the anti-corrosion activity of imidazoline-based inhibitors was evaluated. Localized corrosion was brought on by inadequate inhibition from imidazoline-type inhibiting agents, and the inclusion of sulfate showed the possibility of even decreasing the extent of corrosion in comparison to imidazoline inhibitors (Paolinelli et al., 2019). Overall, studies reveal that the aspect of corrosion in CO2 environments have received significant amount of assessment from past studies. Thus, it stages the scene for a critical metadata analysis to be explored in due course of the study. 1.3Aim(s) 3 The aim is to demonstrate the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in carbon steel corrosion specifically in environments with rich content of carbon dioxide (CO2), in Carbon Capture and Storage systems (CCS), aiming to provide a deep understanding of inhibitor performance and its effect via metadata analysis. In simple terms, however, the aim of the study is to establish the effectiveness linking to corrosion inhibitors in the mitigation of corrosion over carbon steel pipelines used for the transportation of CO2 environments via metadata analysis. 1.4 Objectives The objectives of the study are as follows: To collect data from academic articles, book chapters, websites, and use metadata analysis to build new data that highlights key discoveries alongside, improvement pathways with regard to replacing carbon-based environmentally degrading corrosion inhibitors with potentially less harmful alternatives. In explaining objective one above predominantly, the gathered/processed data will emanate from corrosion related experimental tests such as: (a) Electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) (b) Linear polarization Resistance (LPR) and (c) Weight loss (WL). Therefore, the first objective is main to identify appropriate studies on the problem matter. In line with the objective above other sub-objectives are going to be considered as explicated next: a) To assess types of corrosion inhibitor that have been applied in various studies not to mention those that incorporate inorganic, organic, and hybrid inhibitors to determine their effectiveness in environments involving CO2. b) To quantify and comparatively analyse the rate of reduction of corrosion rate attained by varying corrosion inhibitors in CO2 environments in context of the findings established in different literature c) To investigate the impact of environmental factors related to CO2 concentration, pressure, temperature, and pH on the activity of corrosion inhibitors as expressed in selected/different studies 1.5 Report Layout The report consists of the following chapters: Chapter one which presents the introduction, research questions, aims, and objectives, and background review. Chapter two documents a theoretical framework aimed to present general information regarding carbon capture including storage (CCS) and the manner in which it could have an impact on the CCS performance. Chapter three addresses the situation of inorganic inhibitors and chapter four address the issue of organic inhibitors. Chapter five regards an assessment of the Paris Agreement 2015 featuring general information on the net zero and the manner in which it related to the corrosion inhibitors, and the manner in which inhibitors could assist to attain the net zero. Chapter six serves as the conclusion where comparison in the case of cathodic and anodic as well as mix inhibitors including mix inhibitors is to be conducted and establish the one that proves maximum efficiency. The captures also document about green inhibitor and the manner it could serve as an optimum alternative to attain the net zero. 4 Chapter 2: Theoretical Background 2.1 Introduction The focus of this chapter is to discuss the key theoretical background guiding the study and to elaborate on the impact of corrosion on CCS systems. The first section discusses the theoretical background adopted in the research. Thereafter, the effects of corrosion on CCS systems and the broader climate change are discussed. 2.2 Theoretical Background In this chapter a brief theoretical background has been presented to have an understanding of past studies regarding corrosion inhibitors effectiveness on carbon steel pipeline transporting CO2 environment. Comparisons and contracts across literature have been captured too. The Javidi et al. (2018) study examined the effectiveness of imidazoline derivation inhibitors of rust in preventing carbon steel from corroding in CO2 when hydrogen sulfide and iron carbonate scale were present. One of the most popular methods for preventing the corrosion of carbon steel by CO2 in the energy industry is the application of corrosion inhibitors. The film creation procedure used another imidazoline version as an anti-corrosion compound to safeguard the outermost layer. The study material was API 5L X65 carbon steel that was extracted from a damp gas distribution pipeline. Iron carbonates, a result of corrosion, coated the innermost layer of the pipeline. To investigate the efficacy of the inhibitory agents, Tafel polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were implemented in a CO2-saturated 3.5-pound sodium hydroxide buffer. The results indicated that the presence of the iron carbonate coating lowered the inhibitory efficiency. Furthermore, the presence of H2S gas resulted in a decrease in inhibitory adsorption on the layer closest to the surface, resulting in a decrease in the inhibitor's effectiveness. Consistent with the aforementioned investigations, Chauhan et al. (2022) report that the carbon collection and preservation process effectively reduces atmospheric carbon dioxide pollution. When employing CCS technology, supercritical (SC) CO2 is a major risk because it damages pipelines. Steel pipes corrode as a result of a reaction between water contamination and CO2 gas, resulting in the formation of corrosive species such as carbonic acid (H2CO3). Three solutions are being utilized to solve this issue: (i) using corrosion-proof alloys (CRAs); (ii) using corrosive regulators; and (iii) using iron carbonate (FeCO3) protective coatings. Applying chemical compounds that interact with corrosive media that breakdown in the surroundings and adsorb on the desired metallic surface is one of the most crucial techniques for mitigating corrosion. A review of the several organic inhibitors of corrosion that are frequently used to stop SC CO2 rusting is the goal of this paper. This paper emphasizes the importance of finding greener inhibitor substitutes and considers various possible research directions. The researcher sought to examine the process by which SC CO2 corrodes, the variables influencing the chemistry of inhibiting agents, and their limitations. The use of computer algorithms to forecast restricting behavior is also included throughout this paper. This review, which highlights the 5See Answer
  • Q16:/n These are some things that are to be Explained in the DOC for the study guide Provide questions with examples being sought for Stress and Strain: Stress and strain describe how materials respond to applied forces. Engineering Stress: Force applied per unit area (σ = F/A). Engineering Strain: Relative change in length under stress (ε = AL/L). Poisson's Ratio: Ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain when a material is stretched. True Stress and Strain: Measures that account for changes in cross-sectional area and length during deformation. Yield Strength: The stress at which a material begins to deform plastically. Tensile Strength: Maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking. Ductility: Measure of a material's ability to deform before breaking, typically expressed as % elongation. Resilience: Ability of a material to absorb energy when deformed elastically. Toughness: Ability to absorb energy before breaking. Hardness: Resistance to permanent deformation, often measured by indentation tests (like Rockwell, Vickers, or Brinell). Phase Diagrams: Phase diagrams depict the phases of a material at different temperatures and compositions. Eutectic: A mixture of materials that has a lower melting point than any of its components. Composition: Proportions of different elements or compounds in a mixture. Mass Fraction: The fraction of mass accounted for by a particular component. Weight Percent (wt%): A measure of composition in percent by weight. Cooling Curves: Graphs depicting temperature changes during cooling, are often used to understand phase transformations. Equations and Graphs: Understanding key equations related to cold working, and interpreting stress-strain graphs during lab processes./nNeed to - 1) DO ONLY 1,2,3,4 || Need TYPED SOLUTION 2) Explain, provide tips, or fill out important equations on the topics present in the Study guide given for the student to score well. In 2-3 pages Files attached- 1) Question file (for the first task) 2) Study Guide 3) Additional information to put on the explanation for the study guideSee Answer
  • Q17:Question 5 3 pts A rectangular strip of rubber is 5.4 cm wide and 8.6 cm long. The rubber has a cross link density of 7.6 x 1026 per m³. The strip is loaded in tension (along the length direction) at 18°C with a load of 164 N. It must support the load by extending no more than 8 mm. What minimum thickness does the strip need to do be? (Remember that the cross-link density isn't the same as the number of chain segments, but assume there each chain segment goes between 2 cross-links and that each cross-link has 3 chain segments meeting). Enter your answer in mm, but without the unit, to 2 decimal places. You have a 2% margin of error on the answer.See Answer
  • Q18:Select all the correct answers from the list below. If a statement includes a fact and a reason, both must be correct for the statement to be correct. There is an unspecified number (N) of correct answers. For each correct answer, you will receive 5/N marks, but you will lose 5/N marks for any incorrect answer selected. Your total mark will not go negative. OA lower R value in a fatigue test of a plastic means that creep is more important relative to fatigue. The pseudoelastic design method uses a modulus value that must be appropriate for the loading time and temperature of the specific case. The stress concentration caused by a circular hole in a much larger plate is constant regardless of the hole size. The relative values of K1c and yield strength determine whether a plastic fails in a brittle manner. If a polymer displays linear viscoelastic behaviour then the curve of complianceSee Answer
  • Q19: (Material Science for Engineers) 1. Why are cast metal sheet ingots hot-rolled first instead of being cold-rolled (50 points)? 2. Please describe the forging process. What is the difference between hammer and press forging (50 points)?See Answer
  • Q20:1. A 1.5-kg specimen of a 90 wt% Pb-10 wt% Sn alloy is heated to 250 °C (480 F), at which temperature it is entirely an a-phase solid solution (Figure 10.7). The alloy is to be melted to the extent that 50% of the specimen is liquid, the remainder being the a-phase. This may be accomplished either by heating the alloy or changing its composition while holding the temperature constant. a. To what temperature must the specimen be heated? b. How much tin must be added to the 1.5-kg specimen at 250 °C to achieve this state? 300- 327°C 600 Temperature C 100 Liquid 500 L 232°C 183°C 8+2 400 18.3 61.9 978 300 60 80 100 1200 1100 Temperature (°F) PE Composition (Sl 2. A 45 wt% Pb-55 wt% Mg alloy is rapidly quenched to room temperature from an elevated temperature in such a way that the high-temperature microstructure is preserved. This microstructure is found to consist of the a phase and Mg2Pb, having respective weight fractions of 0.65 and 0.35. Determine C, and the temperature from which the alloy was quenched. Tempur 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 0 20 40 M Composition a+Mg,Pb 60 L 30 40 70 100 11200 MP M 1000 3.- 800 600 A 400 B+ 1200 Mg,Pb 80 100 Temperature (F)See Answer
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