/n Q Queen Mary University of London EMS509U- Unit Operations PBL 1a: Microalgae cultivation using a lab scale Photo-Bio-Reactor (PBR) and filtration: Experimental introduction Jincheng Wu, Stoyan Smoukov, Edo Boek ●

PBL 4 is a group project and consists of 2 parts: a) Experimental cultivation of micro-algae using a lab scale PBR b) Design of an efficient Martian Micro Algal Processing Plant (MMAPP) You will work on Design on Mondays when you are not working in the lab. This presentation covers the experiment - design is in the next PPT. • You will learn here about cultivation of algae using our advanced lab-scale Photo-Bio-Reactor (PBR). PBL 1: Micro-Algae cultivation using a PBR and Design of a Micro-Algal Processing Plant Lab sessions scheduled for all groups in week 1. Attendance required! • Virtual Lab video recordings have been prepared - please see QM+ Each group will obtain their own unique data set from their lab experiments ● PBL 1: Marking Scheme 1. Lab experiments: Tue 23rd and Thu 25th Jan 09:00 – 18:00 ● • Lab attendance is compulsory and will be monitored ● ● ● Design of MABPP progress updates: Mon 11:00-13:00 Week 2 - informal update: feedback - attendance compulsory: 0% Week 3 - informal update: feedback - attendance compulsory: 0% Week 4 - Group PRESENTATION: 40% ● Check group list on QM+ module page groups 1-4: Tue 23rd Jan groups 5-8: Thu 25th Jan ● • Final Group presentation (40 %) must cover labs and design • each group member must present ● Group report (60 %) must cover labs and design What are microalgae? Queen Mary University of London ● Background What are microalgae? Microalgae: small in size, many shapes, radius generally varies between 1 and 50 μm. • Characteristic: eukaryotic unicellular photosynthetic organisms. Great diversity and adaptability: over 200,000 species found in fresh water, brackish, salty or wastewater. Oil-rich and protein-rich species are of interest. For more information: European Algae Biomass Association WWW.EABA- ASSOCIATION.ORG Queen Mary University of London Distance 6.746 μm/n PBL 1: Design a sustainable and cost-effective Micro-Algal Processing Plant (MAPP) Edo Boek (MO), Stoyan Smoukov (co-MO), Jincheng Wu (PhD demonstrator) ● Design a profitable and environmentally sustainable Micro-Algal Biofuel Process Plant (MABPP) 0 ● Varicon aqua Your challenge: provide sustainable energy for the world by growing algae. Fossil fuels are not sustainable and therefore have to be replaced with renewable energy resources. Q Queen Mary University of London • One of the most promising sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels is the extraction of biofuels from micro-algae. Micro-algae are farmed / processed in Micro-Algal Biofuel Process Plants (MABPP) Varicon Aqua, a UK Green Energy Company, is considering investment in the development, design and construction of an innovative MABPP facility. Your group goal is to prepare a business plan and present this to Varicon Aqua, see https://www.variconaqua.com/ Micro-algae use sunlight and photosynthesis to convert CO₂ to useful products (lipids, sugars, ...) Z • Varicon Aqua PhycoFlowTM Photo-bio-reactor (PBR) Photo-synthesis: 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C6H₁2O6 + 60₂ 2 12 Algae are more efficient than trees / plants re. photo-synthesis (quantify growth) • Your challenge: produce algal biofuels competitive with fossil fuels PBL 1: Design a sustainable and cost-effective Micro-Algal Processing Plant (MAPP) Climate change due to increased CO2 in atmosphere Mitigate risk through production of micro-algal biofuels Consider CO₂ as major nutrient for algal biofuel production • Carbon-negative energy supply! 2 Check out the following reference and find others: Singh, J. and Dhar, D.W., 2019. Overview of carbon capture technology: microalgal biorefinery concept and state-of-the- art. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, p.417505.. Singh, J. and Dhar, D.W., 2019. Overview of carbon capture technology: microalgal biorefinery concept and state-of-the-art. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, p.417505.. Wastewater Air CO₂ Microalgae culture harvesting Microalgae biomass- Flue gas Nutrients and wastewater recycling Biomass conversion Ci (in form of carbonates) Pyrolysis Gasification Anaerobic digestion Transesterification Fermentation Hydrothermal liquefaction CO₂ recycling Biofuels Value added products CO₂ Energy/n