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Recently Asked microprocessor and microcontroller Questions

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  • Q1:1. Calculate the 1 GHz impedance of a 100 Microfarad Capacitor with a ½ inch lead on each end. Assume resistance is essentially zero and inductance of connecting lead is 20 nanoH/inch.See Answer
  • Q2:2. How effective do you think this capacitor would be for bypassing 1 GHz spikes on the power supply line? Defend your answer.See Answer
  • Q3:12. Figure 1-17a shows the block diagram for a Synchronous RAM. Use the rules we gave you for analyzing multi-level circuits with bubbles to help you write the logic expression for the signals that assert the CLR# signal in the Burst Counter.See Answer
  • Q4:13. Briefly describe the major advantage of time division multiplexing and the major disadvantage(s).See Answer
  • Q5:16. For a hypothetical state machine you have just designed, the flip-flops have a propagation delay of 4ns and a setup time of 1ns. The output decoder has a propagation delay of 2ns and the next state decoder has a propagation delay of 2ns. Calculate the maximum clock frequency for this state machine and describe what will likely happen if the machine is clocked at a higher frequency than this.See Answer
  • Q6:17. Describe what is required to convert an asynchronous memory device to a synchronous memory device and bri20ly describe the advantages that a synchronous SRAM has over an asynchronous SRAM with respect to data transfer rates.See Answer
  • Q7:18. List and briefly describe the three tasks that must be done by the memory controller or DRAM internal circuitry for a block of DRAM. DDD DDISee Answer
  • Q8:19. Briefly describe the two major techniques used by DDR DRAMs to achieve a data transfer rate that is two times the rate that would be possible without the use of these techniques.See Answer
  • Q9:2. Before starting this part of the lab, please do all calculations below manually. Create a new project: Lab5b. Copy the appropriate files over from the provided zip file. Starting with provided calculate.s, modify it to add or subtract the numbers that are stored in the memory and store the sum in memory (i.e. your program should read numbers from the memory, apply mathematical operation to the numbers accordingly and save the result in the memory). Put the operand values given into the .rodata section of your program. Execute the programs and record the sum or subtraction and the 'C' (carry) and 'Z' (zero) bits of the condition code register. Use the following data: a. Addition of two single-byte numbers: 0xC3 + 0x8D Helpful steps: 1) Use LDRB to read a byte of data from memory into a register. How does an instruction refer to memory location? How do you initialize memory? Hint: Look at Lab5a, above. 2) Use ADD to add numbers in registers. ab 5 Rev. 3 -7- Advanced Assembly, Branching, and Monitor Utilities 3) Use STRH or STR in order to save the result from a register to memory-why shouldn't you use STRB in this case? 0xF5-0x34 0xFE6B34-0x58CF21 0x2E68B3F4 +0x5C2A b. Subtraction of two single-byte numbers: c. Three-byte subtraction: d. Multi-byte addition:See Answer
  • Q10:3. Create a new project Lab5c. Starting with the files provided and the program in Figure 5.1, modify that program so that all the following changes are made in your new program: a. The table to be copied is of length 0x20. b. The original table is created starting at 0x2000.0480 c. The table starts with 0x00 and successive even numbers are stored in the table. d. The duplicate table is created starting at Ox2000.0C00 e. The duplicate table contains the copy of the original table in the reverse order.See Answer
  • Q11:5.7 Questions: 1. Describe the function of the assembler directives: equ, .section, .byte, .ascii, and .end. 2. If the following data is in these registers or memory, Register R0 = 0xB7 Register R1-0x2000.0040 Memory address 0x2000.0040=0x65 Memory address 0x2000.0042=0x7A What numbers are in registers RO and R1 after each of the following instructions is executed? a. LDRB RO, [R1, #2] b. LDRB RO, [R1], #2 c. LDRB R0, [R1, #2]! 3. Extra Credit: There are 50 students in the class and you want to input their one digit grades after displaying Grades for the next student on the screen. Write a program that uses InChar and OutStr to perform this input and display operation only. No conversion or storage operation needs to be done (unless you want to!).See Answer
  • Q12:2. Write an MSP432 code segment that subtracts two 64-bit Hexadecimal numbers and stores the 64-bit binary value starting at 0x20000008. Subtract 0x0000 0000 9FED CBAO from OxABCD EF98 7654 3210. You can make it a continuation of the program in problem 1, but let me know that is what you are or are not doing. (write a small note). Enter the code into your lab tools (one of your assembly uVision programs) and cross check your answer. Include a printout or picture of your source assembly file with the final answer [15 pts]See Answer
  • Q13:Exercises: Exercise 1: Write a program that makes the user LED flash twice by following the pattern (ON for 200 ms, OFF for 200 ms, ON for 200 ms, OFF for 2 seconds, and repeat). Exercise 2: Write a program that turns the user LED ON whenever the user push button is pressed, and OFF otherwise. Exercise 3: Using the mbed application shield, write a program that makes the rgb LED blink at 1 Hz frequency with different colors in the following sequence (red five times, green five times, blue five times, and repeat).See Answer
  • Q14: A microprocessor has an instruction set that consists of 135 instructions, where each instruction consists of opcode and two operands - each operand is 20 bits. Each instruction needs fetch, decode, read operand, execute, write, and interrupt stage Assume that as an average, each stage requires three micro-operations to complete. Also, assume that the control memory is N bits wide (i.e., control field bits + address selection field bits + address bits - N bits). The control field bits are 12, and there are 7 flags to be monitored. a. How many bits are needed in the address field? (3 points) b. What is the size of control buffer register? (3 points) c. What is the size of control address register? (3 points) d. What is the size of control memory, in bytes? (4 points) e. What is the size of instruction register? (3 points) f. In order to change this to two-address format, what parameter(s) are to be changed, and how? (4 points) Consider the following code. Draw a pipeline diagram with total clock cycles needed using instruction pipeline (FI, DI, FO, EI, WO). Assume that system has two memory ports, and A, B, C, D are values stored in memory. Mov RI, B Mov R2, C Sub R4, R1, R2 Mov C, R4 Add R6, R1, R2 Mov R5, D XOR R6, R5, R6See Answer
  • Q15:12 m IM Ve 3 me $ -- -- I have a project in Proteus using PIC18F46K22 that consists of 16 oil wells, and the power supply is 5V DC. I have represented each oil well with a variable resistor (10k ohm), and now I have 16 variable resistors as inputs connected to the ADC pins. Then, the oil flow level is displayed on an LCD screen (16x2) (LM016L), and also an active buzzer is connected to the PIC18F46K22. The requirement: Based on the connections shown in the image, write the code and the required initializations for the LCD and PIC18F46K22 using MPLAB X IDE development environment to measure the flow of each oil well. It should display the well number along with its flow level as a percentage on the LCD screen for five seconds, then move to the next well for 5 seconds, and so on until it reaches well 16 and then stops. When there is no oil flow for a well, the buzzer should sound and "No flow" should be written on the screen. Some important instructions: 1. The code written using the MPLAB X IDE program only. 2. Submit the code by attaching the MPLAB X IDE files. 3. The code is written while adhering to the connections shown in the figure only. 4. The Proteus (simulation) file has been attached and there is no need to build the connections again. RSee Answer
  • Q16:Exercise 1 Provide the values of the Carry Flag (CF), Zero Flag (ZF), and the Sign Flag (SF) corresponding to each of the following arithmetic operations. Assume a 32 bits processor: OXCDAAACDF + 0xFABC1BCD 0x3DAAA1FF-0x9ACD4AB1 OxABCD12CF + 0x1245C122 OxCDFFB222 + 0xFFFF Notes: 1- As was mentioned in the class, each flag can take two possible values only: 1 or 0 if the event takes place or not respectively. For instance, if there is carry, then CF = 1. Otherwise CF = 0 2- As a reminder, a number is negative if its most significant bit is 1. In this case, SF flag = 1See Answer
  • Q17:Exercise 2 1- Answer the following: (a) How many nibbles are 16 bits? (b) How many bytes are 32 bits? (c) If a word is defined as 16 bits, how many words is a 64-bit data item? (d) What is the exact value (in decimal) of 1 meg? 2- 1 In a given byte-addressable computer, memory locations 10000H to 9FFFFH are available for user programs. The first location is 10000H and the last loca- tion is 9FFFFH. Calculate the following: (a) The total number of bytes available (in decimal) (b) The total number of kilobytes (in decimal) 3- Find the total amount of memory, in the units requested, for each of the fol- lowing CPUs, given the size of the address buses: (a) 16-bit address bus (in K) (b) 24-bit address bus (in megs) (c) 32-bit address bus (in megabytes and gigabytes) (d) 48-bit address bus (in megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes)See Answer
  • Q18:Exercise 1 Figure 1 below shows the block diagram of a processor Integrated Circuit (IC). AVR CPU Oscillator 40H Crystal wேiintator Flash M 16 KB MCU C And Timing SRAM 1 KB EEPROM 5125 Iepet/Outpet Ports Interface PORTA PORTE PORT PORT Justification; ....... Tweew Counters d Timer USART SPI 1- Is the processor a microprocessor or microcontroller? TWI ISP Interrat Figure 1 The processor is: Microprocessor / Microcontroller ADC Justify your answer. 2- How many address lines are there required for the Flash Memory? There are ..address lines for the Flash Memory 3- How many address lines are there required for the the SRAM memory? There are address lines for the SRAM memory 4- The processor is a 16 bits processor. Does the processor require more instructions than the Cortex MO+ processor to perform 32 bits additions when the operands are stored in CPU internal registers? Justify your answer./nThe processor requires more clock cycles: Justification; 5- The Flash memory is a kind of RAM memory: True/False 6- Which of the following address ranges are possible for the Flash memory? Select ALL applicable. a- From Ox100 to 0x1FFF b- From 0x3000 to 0x3FFFFF c- From Ox5000 to 0x8FFF d- None of the above True/False 7- The Booting address of the processor is 0x2FFF. Which of the following address ranges can't be allocated to the RAM memory? Select ALL applicable. a- 0x2000 to 0x23FF b- 0x1000 to 0x13FF c- 0x000 to 0x3FF d- All of the above e- None of the above 8- What can be true about the Program Counter Register of this processor? a- It can be 4 bits width b- It can be 8 bits width c- It can be 9 bits width d- None of the above 9- Is it possible to interface the processor to an analog sensor? Select: Possible/Not possible. 10- The CPU has a multiplier that accepts two 16 bits operands and store the results into 24 bits special function register. For the multiplication of two unsigned numbers A and B, what would be the maximal value of B to avoid an overflow if A = 2¹4? (1 Mark)See Answer
  • Q19:7 [Extra credit: 10 pts] Write a program that subtracts 5 from 3. Show how the program will be stored in memory. What result do you expect to see on a hex display? Address Contents CommentSee Answer
  • Q20:1. (10 points) What is the result of following the execution of the following code in the memory map:See Answer

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