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Q1: 11. (10 points) A signalized intersection has 4 legs with a major road traffic volume of 35,000vehicles per day and a minor road traffic volume of 8,000 vehicles per day. Calculate the expected average multi-vehicle crash frequency for this intersection under base conditions.According to HSM, the base condition Safety Performance Function for multi-vehicle crashes at a 4-legged signalized intersection isSee Answer
Q2: 9. (15 points) A highway segment has the following safety facts during 2009 and 2018: Mean =15.2 crashes per year with a Standard Deviation 6.5. In 2019, a total of the 25 crashes occurred on this segment. Determine whether the safety performance of this segment was normal in 2019?See Answer
Q3: 12. (15 points) The Alabama crash data show that a stop-controlled intersection in Tuscaloosa has an average of 15 crashes per year. This stop-controlled intersection is causing excessive delays during peak hours. The City plans to convert the intersection into a roundabout which is often associated with a greater operational efficiency than a stop-controlled intersection. Before the conversion, the City wants to know whether the project can also improve the safety. If yes, please calculate the number of crashes that could be reduced by this project.See Answer
Q4: 5. (5 points) Use your own words to define Safety Performance Function.See Answer
Q5: 7. (10 points) An intersection with a 5,000 daily traffic volume had 35 crashes last year.Calculate the crash rate in rate per million entering vehicles.See Answer
Q6: 3. (5 points) Use your own words to explain the under reported issue in crash data.See Answer
Q7: 8. (10 points) A 20 mi highway segment with a 4,000 daily traffic volume had 35 crashes last year. Calculate the crash rate in rate per million entering vehicles.See Answer
Q8: 7.4 (20.33) - 20 points: The following model is frequently used in environmental engineering to parameterize the effect of temperature T (°C) on biochemical reaction rates k (per day), where k20 and 0 are parameters. Use a transformation to linearize this equation. Then employ linear regression to estimate k2o and u and predict the reaction rate at T = 17°C. See Answer
Q9: 7.3 (20.25) - 20 points: In water-resources engineering, the sizing of reservoirs depends inaccurate estimates of water flow in the river that is being impounded. For some rivers, long-term historical records of such flow data are difficult to obtain. In contrast, meteorological data on precipitation is often available for many years past. Therefore, it is often useful to determine relationship between flow and precipitation. This relationship can then be used to estimate flows for years when only precipitation measurements were made. The following data are available fora river that is to be dammed: (a) Plot these data sets. (b) Fit a straight line to these data with linear regression. Superimpose this line on your plot. (c) Use the best-fit line to predict the annual water flow if the precipitation is 120 cm. (d) If the drainage area is 1100 km², estimate what fraction of the precipitation is lost via processes such as evaporation, deep groundwater infiltration, and consumptive use.See Answer
Q10: 7.6 (18.1) - 20 points: Estimate the common (base 10) logarithm of 9.5 using linear interpolation. (a) Interpolate between log(8) = 0.9030900 and log(12) = 1.0791812. (b) Interpolate between log(9) = 0.9542425 and log (11) = 1.0413927. For each of the interpolations, compute the percent relative error based on the true value. Now suppose you are also given that log(10) = 1. Use quadratic interpolation to find the logarithm of 9 for part (a) and (b). Compare the results.See Answer
Q11: 7.2 (20.20) - 20 points: A transportation engineering study was conducted to determine the proper design of bike lanes. Data were gathered on bike lane widths and average distance between bikes and passing cars. The data from nine streets are (a) Plot these data sets. (b) Fit a straight line to these data with linear regression. Add this line to the plot. ©) If the minimum safe average distance between bikes and passing cars is considered to be2 m, determine the corresponding minimum lane width.See Answer
Q12: 7.1 (20.19) - 20 points: The shear stresses, in kilopascals (kPa), of nine specimens taken at various depths in a clay stratum are listed below. Estimate the shear stress at a depth of 4.5 m. (a) Using octave function compute various statistics (mean, variance, correlation) and plothistograms of the data sets.See Answer
Q13: 7.5 (20.34) - 20 points: As a member of Engineers Without Borders, you are working in community that has contaminated drinking water. At t = 0, you add a disinfectants contaminated with bacteria. You make the following measurements at several times thereafter:a cistern that If the water is safe to drink when the concentration falls below 5 #/100 mL, estimate the time at which the concentration will fall below this limitSee Answer
Q14: Roadway Cross Section An existing ground cross section of 150’ on a highway project was surveyed as shown in Figure 1 with the center line at X=75. The surface is accurately estimated with the equation shown in figure.The following cross section design criteria are to be used: Table 1. Cross section design criteria Compute the key X positions and Y elevations at the edges of lanes, shoulders, slopes, and ditches.Determine where the daylight connections (X and Y values) are made on each side of the cross section. Include all calculations with a labeled/dimensioned sketch and submit as a memo with your narrative. See Answer
Q15: 3-22A driver on a level two-lane highway observes a truck completely blocking the highway. The driver was able to stop her vehicle only 30 ft from the truck. If the driver was driving at 55 mi/h, how far was she from the truck when she first observed it (assume perception-reaction time is 1.5 seconds)? How far was she from the truck at the moment the brakes were applied (use a/g = 0.35)?See Answer
Q16: Write a transportation problem and solve it using the multiplier method The problem has to require at least two iterationsSee Answer
Q17:5. [20 points] From two consecutive film frames of traffic flow along a road, one observes that there are ten cars per kilometer having zero velocity (they are parked), 20 cars per kilometer traveling at 10 km/hr and 40 cars per kilometer traveling at 20 km/hr. 1) [10 pt] Determine the space mean speed and time mean speed of traffic. 2) [10 pt] If individual cars can maintain these speeds even while passing other cars, how many cars will a driver traveling at 20km/hr pass while traveling one kilometer?See Answer
Q18:Define the problem Identify all the design requirements and define the design strategy Identify all the design constraintsSee Answer
Q19:Chapter 2 Garber and Hoel 2-1 How would your typical day be changed without availability of your principal mode of transportation? Consider both personal transportation as well as goods and services that you rely on. 2-3 A bridge has been constructed between the mainland and an island. The total cost (excluding tolls) to travel across the bridge is expressed as C = 50+ 0.5V, where Vis the number of veh/h and C is the cost/vehicle in cents. The demand for travel across the bridge is V=2500-10C. (a) Determine the volume of traffic across the bridge. (b) If a toll of 25 cents is added, what is the volume across the bridge? (c) A tollbooth is to be added, thus reducing the travel time to cross the bridge. The new cost function is C = 50+ 0.2V. Determine the volume of traffic that would cross the bridge. (d) Determine the toll to yield the highest revenue for demand and supply function in part (a) and the associated demand and revenue. 2-4 A toll bridge carries 10,000 veh/day. The current toll is $3.00/vehicle. Studies have shown that for each increase in toll of 50 cents, the traffic volume will decrease by 1000 veh/day. It is desired to increase the toll to a point where revenue will be maximized. (a) Write the expression for travel demand on the bridge related to toll increase and current volume. (b) Determine toll charge to maximize revenues. (c) Determine traffic in veh/day after toll increase. (d) Determine total revenue increase with new toll. 2-5 Consideration is being given to increasing the toll on a bridge now carrying 4500 veh/day. The current toll is $1.25/veh. It has been found from past experience that the daily traffic volume will decrease by 400 veh/day for each 25¢ increase in toll. Therefore, if x is the increase in toll in cents/veh, the volume equation for veh/day is V =4500-400 (x/25), and the new toll/veh would be 7 = 125 + x. In order to maximize revenues, what would the new toll charge be per vehicle, and what would the traffic in veh/day be after the toll increase? 2-7 An individual is planning to take an 800-mile trip between two large cities. Three pos- sibilities exist: air, rail, or auto. The person is willing to pay $25 for every hour saved in making the trip. The trip by air costs $600 and travel time is 8 hours, by rail the cost is $450 and travel time is 16 hours, and by auto the cost is $200 and travel time is 20 hours. (a) Which mode is the best choice? (b) What factors other than cost might influence the decision regarding which mode to use? 2-13 Consult with the U.S. Department of Transportation website and identify the name and location of highways in your state that are included as part of the National Highway System. 2-16 What do the following acronyms mean?See Answer
Q20:1. Briefly describe the two types of visual acuity. (a) What color combinations are used for regulatory signs (e.g., speed limit signs) and general warning signs (e.g., advance railroad crossing signs)? And (b) Why are these combinations used? See Answer

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