TASK 1. Identify three (3) potential challenges to effective communication you have begun to note during this semester(Language barriers, cultural differences, and perceptual barriers). Discuss how communication skills (Active listening, empathy, and cultural awareness) can be used to overcome each of these challenges. Use of third-person in this section is expected. 2. Seek feedback from someone you interact with regularly concerning the challenges (language barriers, cultural differences, and perceptual barriers) and communication skills (Active listening, empathy, and cultural awareness) you have identified above, in terms of your own communication style. Write about the feedback you have received and how you can use this to enhance your own communication skills relevant to your area of study or future profession (Paramedicine/Paramedic). Use of first-person is acceptable in this section. Presentation Length 1000 words excluding references. This essay is to be typed on a word processor; must contain an introduction that outlines the logical structure of an essay, and a conclusion that critically reflects on the implications of your essay. The use of first-person in this essay is acceptable (see Task instructions)./nAssessment criteria Understanding of challenges to effective communication (30%) Analysis of communication skills required to overcome these challenges (30%) • Ability to integrate feedback into a reflection on personal communication skills that works towards patient/client-centred outcomes (20%) • Clarity of expression and adherence to essay writing standards (incl. flow, logic, punctuation, grammar and spelling) (10%) Evidence of wide reading (use of no less than eight (8) references from academic journals or texts), and adherence to referencing standards (APA 7+). At least three (3) of these references will be from the unit materials (10%) MUST USE 3 OF THE BELOW REFERENCES 1. Title: Communication: Core interpersonal skills for healthcare professiona Is Author: O'Toole, Gjyn 2. Title: Interpersonal communication: relating to others Author: Beebe, Steven A., 1950- author. 3. Title: Communicating as professionals Author: Archee, Raymond. Mohan,Terry, 1930-; Gurney,Myra. 4. Title: Basic Personal Counselling: A Training Manual for Counsellors Author: Geldard, David; Geldard, Kathryn; Foo, Rebecca Yin

Question 2 The use of pesticides is not a new concept in terms of dealing with pests. Provide examples of pesticides that were used in historical times and continue to be used today. Have their uses changed over time?

1. Complete the textbook readings first: Chapter 17 and 18. 2. Then watch the following podcasts and video. 3. Your reflection should discuss thoughtfull what you take away from the materials as important ideas or points for a public health practitioner. You should discuss at least two points in the reflection and the length must be 200-300 words total. 1. Podcast: Bioethics for every generation. Link: https://soundcloud.com/bioethicsgov/every generation 2. Podcast: Moral science. Link: https://soundcloud.com/bioethicagovlethically-sound-episode-7-moral-science 3. Lecture on "Ethics and decision making in Public Health" by Dr. Lisa

Question 3 When DDT was first made available for public use in the 1940's it was thought to be a "wonder chemical". Over time both expert and public opinion changed. What are the environmental and health effects that were concerning regarding DDT? What prompted this opinion change?

Bisexual Health and Advances in Research with Gender and Sexual Minority Youth in the 21st Century Question 1. Discuss the unique experiences of cultural stigma faced by bisexual individuals both from within and outside the LGBT community

Question 5 How do the combined issues of both pests and pesticides present a challenge to the public health community? Which issue do you think should be prioritized and why? How can Integrative Pest Management (IPM) balance the public health implications of these two issues? Imagine you are counseling a family regarding how they could use IPM to deal with mosquitoes in and around their home. What advice would you give them?

Talk about one preventive action that you took to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Explain why you took this action. (Maximum is 100 words). In Toronto- Canada, where you are living, reflect on the types of services that are available to the public (i.e., groceries, restaurants, hospitals). How were these adapted for COVID-19? Identify a service, including their name. Describe how they have adapted their services because of COVID-19. Please explain the action. For example, "The swimming pool has reopened in the community. Numbers allowed in the pool are limited to 50% capacity. Before entering patrons are screened. Physical distancing of two meters is required between groupings (at the entrance, in the halls, showers, pool deck). Face masks must be worn in the indoor areas. Signage is posted throughout the building." (Maximum for this section is 100 words) Two services and noted adaptations due to COVID-19 In response to COVID-19 and attempting to reduce its spread and its severity, governments have been working to make it possible for people to access vaccines. The aim is for "herd immunity." Please read the infographic by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR): Herd Immunity. Now that you have reviewed CIHR's infographic, explore the how the City of Toronto is supporting this aim via the vaccination effort. City of Toronto immunization program. There are many immunization strategies that Toronto is taking. Select and name one of these actions. Explain how this action is beneficial in promotion of health (Maximum is 150 words)

Learning Journal In your reading, [SSteinbach, R., & Eni-Olotu, M. (2016) Inequalities in health (e.g. by region, ethnicity, soci-economic position or gender) and in access to health care, including their causes], inequality in the Access to health services is described. Based on this information, look up a current and relevant barrier to equality in access of health care (e.g. travel times, transportation or communication, access to new information and treatments, wait times, and/or cost) either in your own country, or any other, and discuss the potential causes and effects of this barrier to access. [e.g. inequalities in access due to urban/rural residence in Canada] RESOURCE Steinbach, R., & Eni-Olotu, M. (2016). Inequalities in health (e.g. by region, ethnicity, soci-economic position or gender) and in access to health care, including their causes. Equality, Equity and Policy. Access at: http://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/medical-sociology-policy-economics/4c-equality-equity-policy/inequalities-distribution

QUESTION 1 Match the cell structure with the correct function. QUESTION 2 Which of the following may act as a reservoir for an infectious pathogen? QUESTION 3 Which of the following cellular functions is considered a specialized function? QUESTION 4 You view an image under a light microscope. You see single celled spherical organisms that are joined in pairs. Which term best describes what you are seeing? QUESTION 5 Which of the following is NOT true of homeostasis in cells? QUESTION 6 All microcrobes are pathogenic and can cause human disease. True False QUESTION 7 Which of the following describes gene transfer via transduction? QUESTION 8 Two individuals present to an urgent care clinic. One complains of congestion and cough and is diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection (common cold). The other complains of high fever, stiff neck, severe headache, and has a seizure at the clinic. This patient is diagnosed with bacterial meningitis (inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain). These two patients represent a difference in what infectious disease characteristic? QUESTION 9 True or false: The conduction of electrical impulses is an example of a basic cellular function and the synthesis of proteins is an example a specialized cellular funtion. True False QUESTION 10 Which of the following is true of ATP production in cells? QUESTION 11 Match the organ/bodily structure with the main type of tissue in the organ QUESTION 12 A pathologic agent is unable to survive without invading a host cell. Given this description, which of the following species could this be? QUESTION 13 A child with measles travels on an airplane. Another child, who is unvaccinated, sits 20 rows away on the plane, and is diagnosed with measles 10 days later. What type of transmission is being described? QUESTION 14 Which of the following correctly desribes prokaryotic cells?

Community Program and Evaluation Plan From the county health data presented in the discussion boards, choose one health issue that may be improved through a community health program. Scenario: The directors reviewed the community/population assessment and decided to provide funding for a community health program addressing one of the priority health issues in the county. The DNP-prepared nurse practitioner will develop a plan for presenting a health program in a community setting. The evidence-based community health intervention should include at least three activities or strategies. For example, if the selected priority health issue is diabetes. one intervention strategy could include teaching people how to use a glucometer for blood glucose monitoring. At least one journal article should be used as a reference for determining the intervention activities or strategies that will be done. A plan for evaluating whether the program was effective in the target population will also be included. Assignment: Prepare a PowerPoint presentation of the Community Program and Evaluation Plan to present at a mock meeting of the agency directors and their respective boards to show how the money will be spent. A resource for developing the PPT can be found at Top Ten (PPT) Slide Tips: http://www.garrreynolds.com/preso-tips/design/Links to an external site. There should be at least one slide for each component listed in the grading rubric (i.e. Slide 1: Introduction, Slide 2: Priority Health Issue, etc.): Components 1-Introduction Grading Criteria Community Program and Evaluation Plan Criteria Provide a clear introduction to the purpose and rationale for the need of the program plan in the county. Provide a brief introduction of the county including sociodemographic characteristics./nThere should be at least one slide for each component listed in the grading rubric (i.e. Slide 1: Introduction, Slide 2: Priority Health Issue, etc.): Components 1-Introduction 2-Priority Health Issue 3-Target Population and Setting 4-Intervention Grading Criteria Community Program and Evaluation Plan Criteria Provide a clear introduction to the purpose and rationale for the need of the program plan in the county. Provide a brief introduction of the county including sociodemographic characteristics. Describe the priority health issue in the county and include supporting data and statistics What risk factors contribute to the problem in the county? Provide Behavioral Risk Factor data to substantiate the claim. Discuss the target population and describe how the individuals in the community will be reached and engaged in the program. Describe the setting for the intervention (churches, schools, community forum). Provide a concise, clear, and thorough description of the intervention to be implemented. Describe three intervention activities or strategies. Use at least one journal article as a guide./n5-Evaluation 5-Next Steps 7-References and Formatting The evaluation plan must include at least one proposed quantitative or qualitative evaluation method to determine whether the intervention was effective or not (i.e. pretest/posttest). Describe at least one desired outcome that would be measured. Describe the next steps if the desired outcome was a) met AND b) not met Describe at least one challenge that could be faced when implementing the intervention and what can be done next time to avoid it. Include references cited in presentation Includes citation for at least one journal article Apply current APA formatting principles. No spelling or grammatical errors Each component has its own slide(s) with relevant heading. Slide limit (including reference slide): 10 slides