Applied Chemistry

4- Name the following apparatus:

Name the following apparatus:

Applied Chemistry

- A compound was analysed and found to contain40 g C, 53.3 g 0, and

6.7 g H. What is the empirical formula of the compound? (Atomic mass: C = 12.01 g/mol, O =16 g/mol, H = 1 g/mol)

Applied Chemistry

2- The following table shows the masses and densities for different substances. Which of these substance has the least volume?

Applied Chemistry

1- Choose from the following: Liquid displacement method is used to determine:

a- The density of solvent

b- The density of liquid

c- The volume of an irregular solid

d- The volume of solvent

Applied Chemistry

4. [Crowl 6-13] Liquid heptane is stored in a 100,000-L storage vessel that is vented directly to air. The heptane is stored at 25°C and latm pressure. The liquid is drained from the storage vessel and all that remains in the vessel is the air saturated with heptane vapor.

a) Is the vapor in the storage vessel flammable?

b) What is the TNT equivalent for the vapor remaining in the vessel?

c) If the vapor explodes, what is the overpressure 50m from the vessel?

d) What damage can be expected at 50m?

Applied Chemistry

3. [Crowl 6-12] The LFL for gasoline is 1.3vol% gasoline vapor in air. Whatevaporation rate of gasoline vapor (in kg/s) will result in a downwindconcentration ¼ of the LFL at 0.1km directly downwind from the release?

Assume:

Worst-case stability conditions

latm and 25°C

MW of gasoline vapor: 72g/mol

Gasoline liquid specific gravity: 0.72

Lower heating value of gasoline: 44 MJ/kg

Applied Chemistry

2. [Adapted from Crowl 6-9] A barbecue gas cylinder contains 25lb of butane. The cylinder accidentally falls over and ruptures, vaporizing the entire contents of the cylinder. The vapor cloud is ignited, and an explosion occurs. Estimate the overpressure from this explosion 100ft away. Using Table 6-9 in your textbook,what kind of damage is expected. What kind of safeguards could have been implemented in order to prevent this incident?

Applied Chemistry

1. Estimate the upper and lower flammable limits of (a) propane, (b) octane, and(c) ethylene oxide. A mixture of 2% propane, 4% octane, and 0.5% ethyleneoxide is prepared. Is this mixture flammable?