Smokeless tobacco products, or "vapes", have been

promoted by several companies as a healthier

alternative to smoking. These companies have also

been accused to marketing these products to minors

and young adults, two populations that may be at high

risk of developing long-term cardiopulmonary

complications as a result of the heavy use of these

products.

A recent review article in the Journal of Physiology

describes some of the major effects of these products

on cardiovascular and respiratory health, based on

several years of recent research by anatomists and

physiologists. This paper can be accessed at

https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/

JP279754

(the above paper is open access)

Need to answer these

What are the major effects of these products on the

cardiovascular and respiratory systems?

Which of these effects can be attributed to the

chemicals that are being ingested (ie, nicotine,

cannabinoids, etc.), and which are due to the

delivery method (the vaporizer)? Among these many

demonstrated effects, what are the most likely

compensatory mechanisms that would be triggered in

these systems?

Do any of the studies mentioned support the

manufacturers' claims that the products are safe? Why

or why not?

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